SET 6

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C – Neostigmine is an anticholinesterase, not an anti-sialogogue
5. C
6. D – Prior to surgery, oral hypoglycemics should be omitted and diabetes should be managed with insulin. Aspirin and oral anticoagulants will impair blood clotting and have to be discontinued.
7. B – this pertains to 1 carpule
8. A – The ASA Physical Status Classification are the ff: P1 = normal, healthy patient, P2 = patient w/ mild systemic disease, P3 = patient with severe systemic disease, P4 = patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life, P5 = a moribund patient that is not expected to survive without the operation, P6 = declared brain dead patient whose organs are being removed for donor purposes. (First Aid for the NBDE part 2)
9. C
10. D – Please see explanation for #8 for the ASA Classification. If a procedure is an emergency, the physical status is followed by an “E” (i.e. 4E)
11. C
12. D – See #8
13. C
14. A
15. A
16. B
17. D – Stage I = Amnesia and analgesia, Stage II = Delerium & Excitement, Stage III = Surgical Anesthesia (This stage has 3 planes: Light, Medium (ideal plane for surgical procedures) & Deep, Stage IV = Medullary paralysis (First Aid for the NBDE Part 2)
18. D
19. D
20. C
21. D
22. A
23. C
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. A – Antibiotics which targets the bacterial cell wall includes cephalosporins & penicillins—and are considered bactericidal.  Examples of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors (B) are aminoglycosides, tetracycline—antibiotics under this class are mostly bacteriostatics. C – obviously wrong since bacteria don’t undergo photosynthesis. Again, this option is one of my imbento L (Lippincot’s Pharmacology)
28. B
29. C
30. D – See #17
31. D – The patient retains the ability to respond to physical stimuli and verbal command
32. B
33. B
34. B
35. B
36. B – Acetaminophen has no effect on platelets or in the coagulation pathways
37. C
38. D
39. A – All the other choices are general anesthesia agents
40. A
41. A
42. B
43. D
44. D
45. B
46. C – Insulin INCREASES or promotes protein synthesis
47. A
48. C
49. C
50. D – it is a prototype depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug. All the others are considered spasmolytic drugs or skeletal muscle relaxants. (Dental Decks for Pharmacology 2001)
51. A – It’s a CNS & PNS depressant
52. C
53. C
54. C
55. D
56. C – the 4^th element should be hyporeflexia (elevated body temperature). In local anesthesia, only 3 elements are met: analgesia, relaxation and hyporeflexia. Narcosis can only be reached when local anesthetics are given in a toxic does or via IV. (Dental Decks for Pharmacology 2001)
57. D
58. B
59. B
60. B – This occurs after the initial event in a vasovagal syncope episode
61. B
62. C – let’s do some math J : 70 lb x 3.5 mg (max allowable dose/lb) = 245mg (max allowable dose for patient based on weight). 245mg ÷36mg = approx. 7 carpules
63. A
64. D
65. B
66. D
67. D
68. A
69. A
70. A

SET 7

1. A – On occasion, the permanent incisors ‘spread out’ due to spacing. In the older literature, is called by the ‘ugly duckling stage.’ With the eruption of the permanent canines, the spaces often will close.
2. A or B – they’re just the same, one of the numerous typo errors L
3. D
4. B
5. B – The most common spaces in the deciduous dentition are those mesial to the maxillary deciduous canine and distal to the mandibular deciduous canine. These spaces are called “primate spaces” and are characteristic of deciduous dentition
6. A – The transitional malalignment during the exchange period of the upper incisors is called the “Ugly Duckling Stage” which is corrected later when the canines erupt and the pressure is transferred from the roots to the crowns of the incisors
7. B – In bimaxillary protrusion, molar relations are normal but both the jaws are placed anteriorly
8. B – An exaggerated mesial step leads to Class III malocclusion, while distal step terminal plane always leads to Class II occlusion
9. D – Braner and Holt classified tongue thrust habit. Type III: Deforming lateral tongue thrust has the ff. subgroups:1)posterior openbite 2) posterior crossbite 3) deep overbite
10. D – Some children rest their hand on the mandibular anteriors during the sucking act. In such children, lingual tipping of mandibular incisors can be expected (Master Dentistry Vol. 2)
11. C – During sleep, drinking & swallowing process is slowed down significantly. Salivary flow is also decreased, thus nursing bottle caries occur.
12. A – The child’s first dental visit and oral examination should take place by at least one year of age or as soon as the primary teeth start erupting. This early dental visit helps the dentist and the parents to discuss ways to nurture excellent oral health before any serious problem develops. Previously, it was considered to have the first dental visit by three years of age because by then, the child would have grown enough space to cooperate with the dentist for examination
13. D
14. A
15. B
16. C – Maxillary second primary molar resembles the maxillary first permanent molar. Mandibular second primary molar resembles the mandibular second permanent molar
17. B – Maxillary second primary molar resembles the mandibular first permanent molar. Maxillary second primary molar resembles the maxillary first permanent molar. Maxillary and mandibular second permanent molar do not resemble any permanent tooth
18. D – Extreme curvature of the buccal side is characteristic of mandibular primary molar. The buccal curvature of maxillary first primary molar is not as prominent as the mandibular first primary molar
19. A
20. A – Removable appliances has a disadvantage that uncooperative patients may not wear the appliance or they may be lost or broken by the patient
21. B – Distal step is the primary dentition equivalent of Angle’s Class II. Mesial step is Angle’s Class I.
22. D – An equivalent of Class III is almost never seen in the primary dentition because of the normal pattern of craniofacial growth in which the mandible lags behind the maxilla.
23. B
24. B
25. D
26. A
27. C
28. C
29. D
30. B
31. C – If the child is allergic to penicillin, the alternatives are: Clindamycin (20mg/kg 1 hour before procedure), Cephalexin or Cephadroxil (50 mg/kg 1 hour before procedure) and Azithromycin or Clarithromycin (15 mg/kg 1 hour before procedure)
32. B
33. C
34. B
35. B – Class II fractures (Ellis Classification) means dentin is involved but no pulp involvement
36. C – Primary incisors do not begin mineralizing until 3-4 months after birth. Primary molars mineralize at 3.5 – 6 months of pregnancy, primary incisors at 3 – 4 months of pregnancy. Permanent molars begin mineralizing at 7 – 8 months of pregnancy. They are the only permanent teeth for which mineralization can be affected by events during pregnancy
37. B
38. C – Direct pulp capping is primarily used on permanent teeth. The reason why it is not widely used on primary teeth is because of the alkaline pH of CaOH. CaOH can irritate the pulp, most often severely which can lead to internal resorption
39. B – Class II – soft & hard palate but not the alveolar process, Class III – same as Class II with alveolar process involvement on 1 side of the premaxilla, Class IV – soft palate & continues through the alveolus on both sides of the premaxilla
40. D
41. A – Better prognosis can be obtained by serial extraction in Class I malocclusions because the dentition is basically in a favorable relationship and successful treatment is possible with a minimum of mechanotreatment
42. D – Ideal conditions for serial extraction also include minimal overbite, a facial pattern that is orthognathic or with a slight alveolodental protrusion is present and crowding in the deciduous dentition
43. C – Other MDAs are: Hixon and Old Father’s method, Nance Carey’s, Moyer’s MDA and Total Space Analysis
44. D – In this analysis, the size of the unerupted permanent cuspids and premolars are predicted from the knowledge of the sizes of certain permanent teeth already erupted in the mouth
45. A
46. A – The mandibular incisors are measured to predict the size of maxillary as well as mandibular teeth
47. A
48. B
49. B – Peck and Peck ratio is used to determine whether lower incisor teeth are excessively wider mesiodistally. Mga green minded na tumawa last time, this is NOT what your think, OK?
50. B
51. B – Dimethacrylate is bis-GMA, a component of composites. GI was initially explored as PFS but they lack abrasion resistance and were easily lost. Polyurethane – varnish, cyanoacrylate – material of early sealants but these sealant were clear and hard to detect during clinical examination
52. A
53. C
54. D – Chronological age is the most obvious and easily determined developmental age which is simply figured from the child’s date of birth
55. B
56. D
57. A – The basic fear of most children under the age of 2 years is separation anxiety
58. D
59. A – HOME (hand-over-mouth exercise) and voice control are used to manage children showing disruptive behavior. When a child is crying uncontrollably, these methods are used to muffle the noise so that the dentist can convey whatever has to be conveyed
60. D
61. A – Class I > Class II > Class III
62. C – Point A in cephalometrics is also called the subspinale
63. C – Porion (Po) – outer upper margin of the external auditory canal. Point B – innermost point on contour of mandible between the incisor tooth and bony chin. Pogonion (Pog) – most anterior point of the contour of the chin. Gonion (Go) – lowest most posterior point on the mandible with the teeth in occlusion
64. C – Myofunctional or functional appliances are those which activate the patient’s own muscles to function in such a manner which is conducive to orodental health
65. A – Passive appliances maintain the integrity of the arches or redirect natural forces to bring about desired changes. i.e bite planes, occlusal splints and retainers
66. B – Formocresol should not be used in permanent teeth
67. B – The action of CaOH in apexification is it promotes formation of a hard substance at the apex which would eventually allow obturation of the root canal
68. A – pH level of common fluorides used in dentistry: APF – 3 to 3.5, NaF – 9.2, SnF₂ – 2.1 to 2.3. Obviously options C & D is wrong kasi “acidulated” nga e. A pH of more than 7 pertains to a basic or alkaline substance
69. A
70. D – EPT is not routinely done in the primary teeth since these teeth do not respond to such test reliably. Thermal test is suggested to be the most reliable test in this case

SET 8

1. B – aka Philippine Act of 1965
2. D
3. C – aka Philippine Dental Hygienist Law (June 20, 1952)
4. B – There are 4 degrees of supervision of auxiliaries: General Supervision : dentist has authorized the procedures & they are being carried out in accordance with the diagnosis and treatment plan completed by the dentist Indirect supervision : the dentist in the dental office, authorizes the procedure and remains in the dental office when the procedures are being performed by the auxiliary Direct supervision : the dentists is in the office personally diagnosed the condition to be treated, personally authorizes the condition to be treated & evaluates the performance of the auxiliary before the px is dismissed Personal supervision : The dentist personally operates and authorizes the auxiliary to aid in the treatment
5. C – Art II Sec 12 of the Board Resolution No. 14 states that records should be in the dentist’s safekeeping for at least 10 years
6. A – Art II Sec. 12.3 Board Resolution No. 14
7. D
8. B – In contrast, an “open panel” enables patients to select the dentist of their choice—they can pay directly to the dentist and get reimbursed from the company or assign payment directly to the dentist
9. D – may be displayed separately in the dentist’s private office only as stated in Art II Sec. 12.5 Board Resolution No. 14
10. A – The receiving dentist should generate his own record as baseline info for the treatment
11. D – As appeared in Art III Secs. 20 – 21 Board Resolution No. 14 on advertising
12. C
13. A
14. D
15. D – Under Article II Section 6(f) of RA 9484, [The Board] Supervise and regulate the registration, licensure and practice of dentistry, dental hygiene and dental technology in the Philippines
16. D – Recall appointments are schedule at the time when the patients are about to leave the clinic. The dental staff (often the receptionist) advises the patient of the need for a follow-up appointment and convinces him/her to book and appointment in advance. The preferred schedule is logged into the appointment book and the appointment is confirmed weeks or a day before the scheduled appointment
17. B
18. C – This means that the dentist has a duty to respect the patient’s rights to self-determination and confidentiality
19. C – The term “nonmaleficence” derives from the ancient maxim “primum non nocere”, which, translated from the Latin, means “first, do no harm.”
20. C
21. D – To eliminate the other choices: A = Patient records should not be segregated by economic status i.e. For collection, B = Financial records and insurance claim forms should not be included in the patient’s record—they should be kept in a separate file, C = dental records should be private and confidential
22. B – The Philippine Dental Act of 2007 is an act governing Dental Professionals, Dental Technicians and Dental Hygienists. C is correct as stated in Art III Sec 24 of RA 9484
23. D
24. A
25. B
26. D
27. D
28. D
29. D – First things first, the PRC personnel has no right to refuse an individual to apply to take the Dentistry Board Exam. Only the Board of Dentistry can do that but only after investigation by the Board. Also, the applicant should be informed about the refusal through writing
30. C – Entries in the appointment book should be made in pencil and the paper of the pages should be of high quality to allow erasures should any change in the appointments arise
31. A
32. C
33. D
34. C
35. D – Art III Sec 24 of RA 9484 enumerated those who can be given special or temporary permit to practice Dentistry in the Philippines
36. D
37. C – Penal provision as stated in Art V Sec 33 of RA 9484 may be fine in the amount given above or imprisonment for the period given above or both, under the court’s discretion
38. C
39. D
40. A
41. C – a, b and c fall under administrative expenses, including licensing and permits, repairs and maintenance of equipment, taxes, phone bills. Payroll is under personnel expenses
42. B – Art I Sec. 5 of Board Resolution No. 14 states that the dentist should establish his/her professional fees rendering due dignity to the profession
43. D
44. A
45. D
46. C
47. C – This is true as stated in Board Resolution No. 14 Art II Sec 12.2
48. D
49. B – In dentistry, malpractice may be defined in terms of acts of omission and acts of commission. An act of omission is failure to perform an act that a “reasonable and prudent professional” would perform. Now a reasonable & prudent dentist always obtain an informed consent (in some cases kahit implied consent lang) from the patient before proceeding with any treatment. Even if the treatment turned out right initially, a px can always sue you for malpractice if something wrong happens and he/she feels that your treatment has something to do with it.
50. D
51. A
52. B
53. D
54. D
55. D
56. C
57. C – The dental staff include the dentist who is not considered as a dental auxiliary
58. D
59. D
60. B – A dentist is not considered as part of dental auxiliaries
61. C
62. A – Capital items are major pieces of equipment in the dental clinic. These items can be used longer than 2 years
63. D
64. C – MSDS describes the physical & chemical properties of the chemical, physical and health hazards with its use.  It is recommended the MSDS of potentially hazardous chemical are kept in the clinic
65. D – Mr. Smith (A) is eligible to take the boards since foreigners are allowed to take the Philippine dental board exam provided that their country allow Filipinos to take their board exam too. In Mr. Santos’ (B) case, the immoral act associated with him is still a rumor and he was not convicted yet—making him still eligible to take the dental boards. Should he be convicted later on, the Board can revoke his license. There’s no impediment for Mr. Pu (C) to take the dental board exams. D – Mr. Yllana should take a refresher course required after failing 3 consecutive licensure examinations
66. D
67. D
68. C – If you answered B, you should have read the qualifications carefully: Art II Sec. 7d states “Have at least 10 years of continuous experience as a dentist and preferably with 3 years of teaching experience. Thus the teaching experience is just preferred, not required
69. A
70. D

SET 9

1. B – Normal sulcus depth is 1-3mm. A – Under absolutely normal or ideal conditions
2. C – Fibers of the attached gingiva arise from the periosteal surface of the of the alveolar crest and the cervical area of the cementum. (Avery – Oral Development & Histology)
3. A
4. B
5. C – It may also be preceded by URTI
6. B
7. C
8. D
9. D
10. B – Risk factors are defined as characteristics, behavioral aspects or environmental exposures associated with a specific disease. The association may or may not be causal. B – predisposing factor
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. D – Disinfection of gutta percha points are done by immersing the points in full-strength sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute.
15. D
16. D – Paraformaldehyde is one of the ingredients of devitalization pastes used in temporary/ emergency pulpotomy
17. D
18. B
19. B
20. D
21. B – Loe & Silness’s Gingival index: 0 = normal; 1 = mild inflammation, slight change in color, no BOP; 2 = moderate inflammation, redness, erythema and hypertrophy, bleeding; 3 = severe inflammation, marked redness, hypertophy, ulceration and spontaneous bleeding
22. B – Invasive indices that rely solely on bleeding as a measure of gingival inflammation have limited use in public health practice that’s why non-invasive indices like MGI (modified gingival index) are preferred. MGI uses a visual scale to assess gingival health. (Prevention in Clinical Oral Health Care by Cappelli)
23. B
24. D
25. C
26. D – Interdental papilla is non-keratinized
27. D
28. C
29. A – gingiva that appears clinically normal invariably exhibits inflammation when microscopically examined
30. A
31. C
32. C
33. D
34. D
35. A
36. D
37. A
38. A
39. A
40. D
41. C
42. C
43. D
44. C
45. B
46. C
47. C
48. C
49. B
50. D
51. B
52. A
53. A
54. C
55. A
56. B
57. B
58. B
59. C
60. D – both are normal inhabitants of the oral cavity
61. C
62. B
63. C – specifically actinomycoces spp & streptococci spp
64. C
65. D
66. A
67. A
68. C – The tooth is dead already! It should not respond to any thermal test. Ano yun, moo-moo?
69. C
70. C – Reaming produces a round tapered preparation

1. D – (ORAL PHYSIO) undifferentiated (mesenchymal) cells help in repair and regeneration of odontoblasts and other cells in the dentin-pulp complex
2. C – (ORAL ANAT)
3. B – (ORAL ANAT)
4. D – (GEN PHYSIO) A nice animation explaining how sodium-potassium pump works is posted here: Sodium Potassium Pump Animation
5. B (ORAL ANAT)
6. D (GEN PHYSIO) – core body temperature is regulated by the thermoregulatory center of the hypothalamus (Tortora and Grabowski, 2002)
7. A (GEN PHYSIO)
8. C (ORAL PHYSIO) – - the food bolus passes through the larynx during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing but it does not have a direct action or involvement.
9. C (ORAL ANAT) – the disc separates the space between the glenoid fossa and the condyle into an upper and lower synovial cavities. B is wrong since the TMJ is a diarthrodial joint (First Aid for the NBDE Part 1)
10. B (ORAL PHYSIO) – This is a characteristic of γ-Amylase. Alpha amylase breaks down long-chain carbohydrates and acts on α(1,4) glycosidic linkages
11. C (ORAL ANAT) – Remember the mnemonic about structures passing through the Foramen oval? LAME (Lesser petrosal nerve, Accessory meningeal artery, mandibular nerve and emissary veins)
12. A (ORAL ANAT) – The tensor veli palatini wraps around a small hook-like extension of the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone, known as the pterygoid hamulus. (Kaplan QBank)
13. D (ORAL ANAT) – First, knowing the location of the temporal bone makes this an obvious answer. Seven bones make up the orbit: frontal, lacrimal, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxillary, palatine and sphenoid. (Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: head and neuroanatomy)
14. C (ORAL ANAT)
15. C (GEN PHYSIO)
16. D (ORAL PHYSIO) Saying “la” requires the tongue to be placed against the roof of the mouth, which cannot be accomplished if the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is nonfunctional. CN XII innervates the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. (Kaplan QBank)
17. D (ORAL ANAT)
18. D (ORAL PHYSIO) – Lingual lipase is secreted by the glands in the base of the tongue
19. A (ORAL ANAT)
20. C (ORAL ANAT)
21. D (GEN ANAT) – The modified cardiac muscle fibers pertain to Purkinje fibers
22. A (ORAL PHYSIO) – The working side is defined as the side to which the mandible moves in an excursive movement. In an excursive movement of the mandible to the patient’s left side, both the maxillary & mandibular left side are the “working side” while the right side is considered the “non-working side.” (First Aid Q&A for the NBDE Part 1)
23. C (ORAL PHYSIO) – The function of this muscle is to pull the tongue back (retract) & upward towards the palate.
24. D ( GEN PHYSIO) – The products of the adrenal medulla are epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine (noradrenalin). The pathway of production of these compunds is a s follows: tyrosine to DOPA to dopamine to norepinephrine to epinephrine.
25. C (ORAL ANAT) -
26. C (ORAL ANAT)
27. D (ORAL ANAT) – a mucous gland
28. D (ORAL ANAT) – lingual cusp tip is obviously lingual to the buccal cusp tip. The mesial inclination will be seen in an occlusal view of the said tooth.
29. A (ORAL ANAT) – The hamulus is NOT directly involved in attachment and movement of the tongue. (First Aid Q&A for the NBDE Part 1)
30. C (GEN ANAT) – The trachea extends inferiorly in the superior mediastinum & bifurcates (marked by the rain) into the R & L main stem bronchi. Main stem bronchi then divide into lobar bronchi, segmental bronchi bronchioles then alveoli (First Aid Q&A)
31. C (ORAL ANAT)
32. D (ORAL ANAT)
33. D (ORAL ANAT) – when viewing from the incisal, the lateral incisor’s crown seemed to be twisted from its root.
34. D (ORAL PHYSIO) – First, eliminated A & B sinks there is no anterior & posterior compartment of the TMJ–upper and lower or superior/inferior compartment lang. Superior compartment – acts as a cushion as the condyle slides forward. When rotating around an axis during opening, the condyle slides against the lower surface of the disc which conforms to the shape of the condylar head.
35. B (ORAL ANAT)
36. B (ORAL ANAT) – Neonatal line is used to identify enamel formation before and after birth. Development & calcification of third molars begin after birth.
37. C (ORAL PHYSIO) – What happened is that the condyle has moved forward, past the eminence and past the bulk of the tubercle. To return the condyle to normal position, you need a downward force to position the condyle once again below the tubercle and eminence. You need the downward force to counteract the elevating forces of the medial pterygoid, masseter and temporalis.
38. D (ORAL ANAT)
39. B (ORAL ANAT)
40. A (ORAL PHYSIO)
41. A (GEN ANAT)
42. D (ORAL PHYSIO) – As you move from centric occlusion to edge-to-edge position, the mandibular teeth separate from the maxillary and a space is created between the two arches. Try this yourself, as you protrude and slide the mandible forward. The anterior teeth act as a guide as you slowly separate from occlusal contact until only incisal edges of incisors contact. At this point, the increased space between the arches adds to vertical dimension. There is no vertical overlap or overbite nor is there any horizontal overlap at this point. So protrusion to edge-to-edge increases vertical dimension while decreasing both vertical and horizontal overlap.
43. B (ORAL PHYSIO) – ligaments define the border movements of the mandible. They do not assist in movement.
44. D (ORAL ANAT)
45. D (ORAL ANAT)
46. A (GEN PHYSIO) – The increase in muscle blood flow that occurs during exercise is caused by dilation of the arterioles (i.e., decreased arteriolar resistance) attributed to the dilatory actions of metabolic factors (e.g., adenosine, lactic acid, carbon dioxide) produced by the exercising muscles. In normal skeletal muscles, the blood flow can increase as much as 20-fold during strenuous exercise. (Kaplan QBANK)
47. C (ORAL PHYSIO) – Cementum thickness can increase on the root end to compensate for attritional wear of the occlusal/incisal surface and passive eruption of the tooth.
48. B (ORAL ANAT) – When a person with an erect posture makes no conscious effort to open or close the mouth and the mandible is in its physiologic rest position, there is a space between the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth called freeway space
49. D (ORAL ANAT)
50. B (ORAL ANAT) – depresses or lowers the mandible
51. C (GEN PHYSIO) – Rigor mortis means “rigidity of death” which begins 3-4 hours after death & lasts about 24 hours. (Tortora & Graboski)
52. D (ORAL ANAT) – for every tooth there is a facial, lingual, cervical & incisal embrasures.
53. D (ORAL ANAT)
54. B (ORAL PHYSIO)
55. B (ORAL ANAT) – To answer this question, we have to trace the nerve pathway that supplies the tongue. Taste fibers leave the tongue via the chorda tympani, which travels with the lingual nerve through the petrotym- panic fissure and into the infratemporal fossa, and synapses with the geniculate ganglion. (Tortora & Graboswki)
56. B (GEN ANAT)
57. C (ORAL ANAT)
58. A (ORAL ANAT) – I think I mentioned this in the Oral Anatomy Q&A lecture. The lateral pterygoid is the only muscular component in the TMJ.
59. A (ORAL ANAT)
60. A (ORAL PHYSIO) – Normal salivary secretion is controlled by parasympathetic stimulation. But under stress, it is dominated by the sympathetic stimulation which results to dryness of the mouth.
61. D (ORAL ANAT) – Remember the Rules on Maxillary Holding Cusps? The Li cusps (Holding) of the Mx posteriors occlude on the DMR of its Md counterpart plus the MMR of the tooth distal to its counterpart. EXCEPTION:ML cusps of molars which occlude in the central fossae of their counterparts in the Md arch.
62. A (GEN ANAT) – the Circle of Willis is the cerebral arterial circle at the base of the brain. It is composed of 5 arteries namely: anterior cerebral, anterior communicating, internal carotid, posterior communicating & posterior cerebral.
63. D (ORAL PHYSIO) – The upper 2/3 of the esophagus contains striated muscle. It is derived from the pharyngeal arches and innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X). The lower 1/3 contains smooth muscle from splanchnic mesoderm and is innervated by the splanchnic plexus.(Kaplan QBank)
64. A (GEN ANAT)
65. A (ORAL PHYSIO) – The salpingopharyngeus elevates the nasopharynx and opens the auditory tube. It is generally not involved in swallowing.
66. C (ORAL ANAT)
67. C (ORAL PHYSIO)
68. B (ORAL ANAT)
69. C (ORAL ANAT)
70. B (ORAL PHYSIO

SET 2

1. D – Mandibular second and third molar infections may travel down fascial planes into the neck. Since three of these fascial planes form the visceral compartment which opens into the thorax, dental infections can on occasion even enter the superior mediastinum of the thorax. The superior mediastinum contains many crucial structures, including the aortic arch, the superior vena cava. the vagus and phrenic nerves, and many other structures. Of the other answer choices, note that maxillary teeth are not likely to lead to cervical fascial planes and that mandibular incisors and canines. being in the same general anatomic area, are not therefore likely to be the correct answers.
2. A – Valves of kerckring or “plicae circulares “ are transverse folds covered w/ villi, usually in the mucosa of the small intestines (jejunum)
3. E – DBI is also known as “enostosis” and is seen in the premolar/ molar region of the mandible. Margins are well-defined but the shape is irregular, with no radioluscent margin. A – false since DBI has a uniform radio-opacity. B – false since DBI is entirely within the normal boundaries of the jaw. C – false, DBI typically forms close to the roots of the teeth and is frequently joined to the lamina dura. However, vitality of the teeth is irrelevant.
4. D – Odontogenic keratocysts contain keratotic squames and oily material, imparting a creamy white semi-fluid texture.
5. D
6. A – Nasopalatine duct cysts may be lined by respiratory or stratified squamous epithelium—reflecting the oral/nasal cavity origin.
7. D – The disease described is osteopetrosis (Albers-Schonberg disease), which is a group of hereditary diseases in which impaired osteoclast function leads to reduced bone resorption. The abnormal osteoclasts frequently are enlarged, with bizarre shapes. The bones become thick and brittle; other features include anemia secondary to marrow loss and cranial nerve deficits secondary to narrowing of bony ostea.
8. B – Let’s discuss the other answers as well:  A is falses since Nikolsky’s sign is found in pemphigus, some forms of mucous membrane pemphigoid and other vesiculo-bullous dermatoses. C is false since sensitive detection systems are required to detect circulating antibodies in MMP. D is false too since perilesional mucosa is required for direct immunofluorescence and tissue must be snap-frozen or submitted to the laboratory in special transport medium.
9. B
10. A – This is a description of Patau’s syndrome or trisomy 13. This disorder is also associated with severe mental retardation, abnormal forebrain structures, and death within 1 year of birth. Patau’s syndrome has an incidence of 1:6,000 births, making it the second most common form of autosomal trisomy. Trisomy 18 (choice B) is Edwards syndrome, characterized by severe mental retardation, rocker bottom feet (also sometimes seen in Patau’s syndrome), low-set ears, micrognathia, clenched hands, prominent occiput, and death within 1 year. Edwards syndrome has an incidence of 1:8,000, making it the third most common autosomal trisomy. Trisomy 21 (choice C) is Down syndrome, and is characterized by mental retardation, flat facial profile, prominent epicanthal folds, simian crease, duodenal atresia, and congenital heart disease. Down syndrome is the most common autosomal trisomy, with an incidence of 1:700. Klinefelter’s syndrome is associate with male hypogonadism and infertility, eunuchoid body habitus, gynecomastia, and lack of male secondary sexual characteristics.
11. B – Neuromuscular development is sufficient to allow fetal movement in the eighth week of life. Other features of Week 8 include the first appearance of a thin skin, a head as large as the rest of the body, forward-looking eyes, appearance of digits on the hands and feet, appearance of testes and ovaries (but not distinguishable external genitalia), and a crown-rump length of approximately 30 mm. By the end of the eighth week, nearly all adult structures have at least begun to develop, and the fetus “looks like a baby.”
12. D – All of the above are causes of community-acquired pneumonia but D is the most common cause. C – associated with community-acquired pneumonia in elderly patients
13. D – Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a rare disorder found in 1:7,000 children.
14. C – Oral lesions may be the initial manifestation of this type of leukemia (i.e. gingivitis, gingival hemorrhage, hyperplasia, ulcerations)
15. D – The most common site of oral traumatic neuroma is over the mental foramen in edentulous mouths. However, they may occur wherever a tooth has been removed
16. A – Mantle dentin is located adjacent to the enamel (DEJ area) or cementum (CEJ). The remaining dentin is called circumpulpal dentin. B – aka intratubular dentin, lies within the dentinal tubule. C – surrounds the intratubular dentin. D – imperfectly calcified matrix of dentin situated between the calcified globules near the periphery of dentin.
17. D
18. A – Acute gastritis, characterized by patches of erythematous mucosa, sometimes with petechiae and ulceration, can be seen as a complication of a variety of other conditions (alcohol use, aspirin and other NSAIDs use, smoking, shock, steroid use, and uremia), which usually have in common disruption of the mucosal barrier of the stomach
19. C
20. C
21. C – The causative organism of tetanus is Clostridium tetani, which is a gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic rod.
22. A
23. B – Other terms for fibroma are “irritation fibroma” and “traumatic fibroma.” Common sites are the buccal mucosa, lateral border of the tongue and lower lip
24. B – Sharpey’s fiber project into the cementum between groups of cementoblasts, and lie perpendicular to the surface of the cementum.
25. D – The difficulty with developing a vaccine against influenza A arises because the influenza virus genome is composed of eight strands of single-stranded RNA. Minor shifts (antigenic drift) in surface antigens that occur as point mutations in the genes accumulate. Influenza A can also undergo larger, abrupt changes in antigen expression (antigenic shift), however, as a consequence of reassortment of some of the RNA fragments between human and nonhuman hosts. Thus, last year’s vaccine does not necessarily work against this year’s virus.
26. C – Enamel spindles are formed from odontoblastic processes which project into the enamel and probably originally projected into the ameloblast layer. They are at right angles to the DEJ and may be responsible for sensitivity shown by patients as excavation nears the DEJ.
27. D – Connective tissue papillae extend into the gingiva to a much greater degree than they do into the alveolar mucosa. Rete pegs which are epithelial extensions into the submucosal tissue are also more prominent in gingival tissue than in alveolar mucosa.
28. C – The widening is caused by thickening of the periodontal membrane as a result of the increase in size and number of the collagen fibers. This creates a space which is almost uniform in width, surrounding the entire root of the tooth and makes it appear that the tooth was extruded from its socket.
29. D – The tuberculin reaction is an example of delayed-type hypersensitivity (a form of Type IV hypersensitivity) in which the bulk of the tissue damage is done by macrophages that are stimulated by a few previously sensitized CD4+ memory T-cells recognizing antigens presented by the macrophages.
30. B
31. C – Osteomyelitis is usually caused by bacteria (staphylococci) introduced by trauma or surgery extension from a nearby infection, or via the bloodstream. A – congenital disease that prevents formation of bone marrow and results in abnormal bone development, blindness, stunted growth, fragile bones, etc. Aka Albers-Schonberg syndrome and marble bone disease. B – reduction of total skeletal mass due to increased bone resorption which results to predisposition to pathologic fractures. D – death of bone.
32. B – Condensing osteitis usually occur in the mandibular first molar.
33. C – Salmonella spp., including S. enteriditis and S. typhimurium, produce a gastroenteritis or enterocolitis. Patients with decreased gastric acidity, sickle cell disease, or defects in immunity, and children younger than 4 years of age have a more severe course of disease.
34. C
35. B
36. C – Striated (skeletal) muscle not under voluntary control is an unusual feature of the upper and middle thirds of the esophagus. The middle third of the esophagus contains roughly half striated and half smooth muscle; the lower third contains only smooth muscle. All the other structures listed in the answer choices contain smooth muscle
37. A – When demineralized sections of teeth are made, the mineral is removed and the organic matrix remains. Enamel, being approximately 95% mineral and approximately 4% water, will leave behind very little structure when demineralized and so will appear empty and clear to light.
38. C – Protection against Hepatitis B usually occurs with HbsAg antibody levels greater than 100 mlU/ml.
39. C
40. A – Just remember that the nasal cavity is divided into 3 structurally & functionally different parts. 1) Vestibules (first 1.5cm from the nostrils) are lined w/ keratinized stratified squamous epithelium; 2) respiratory region – lining becomes pseudostratified columnar ciliated (this epithelium is aka respiratory epithelium), contains goblet cells; and 3) olfactory region (olfactory epithelium).
41. B
42. A – In decreasing order: Neutrophils-Lymphocytes-Monocytes-Eosinophils-Basophils. Remember the mnemonics “Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas” to help you memorize the order of WBCs in decreasing order.
43. A – Osteomalacia means softening of bones since the osteoid tissue failed to calcify due to Vit D deficiency.
44. A
45. D – Serous demilunes are serous cells at the distal end of a mucous tubuloalveolar secretory unit of certain glands (submd & sublingual). They cannot be seen in parotid glands since this gland is purely serous.
46. B – not involved in tongue formation. The macula can be found in the inner ear, in the retina and in the kidney, but it is not involved in tongue formation.
47. D – In Ludwig’s angina, the 3 facial spaces are involved bilaterally
48. D
49. D – The dentino-enamel junction first forms as ameloblasts and odontoblasts begin to lay down enamel and dentin, respectively. The DEJ remains in the formed tooth and it is the first structure formed which remains in the formed tooth.
50. C – TNM: T – size of primary tumor, N – presence of regional lymph node involvement, M – presence of distant metastases
51. D – The phrase “mosaic pattern” of newly formed woven bone is specific for Paget disease of bone and is not seen in other bone conditions.
52. C – If the question asks for the most common “intraoral” site of SCCA, the answer should be tongue (lateral border and ventral surface), second most common intraoral site is the floor of the mouth.
53. B – Ehler’s-Danlos syndrome is a hereditary connective tissue disorder that causes hyperelasticity of the skin and fragile oral tissues.
54. C
55. C – Patients typically present with the acute onset of arthritis (usually asymmetric and additive), with involvement of new joints occurring over a period of a few days to 2 weeks. Joints of the lower extremities are the most commonly involved, but wrists and fingers can also be affected. Dactylitis (sausage digit), a diffuse swelling of a solitary finger or toe, is a distinctive feature of Reiter’s arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Tendonitis and fasciitis are common, as are spinal pain and low back pain. Oligoarthritis, conjunctivitis, urethritis, and mouth ulcers are the most common features.
56. B – Type II hypersensitivity is mediated by antibodies directed toward antigens that are present on the surface of cells or other tissue components. The antigen may be intrinsic to the cell membrane or may take the form of an exogenous antigen that is adsorbed to the cell surface. The situation described is Grave’s disease, which is an autoimmune form of hyperthyroidism produced by autoantibodies directed against the TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) receptor. These antibodies are called LATS (long-acting thyroid stimulator) and stimulate thyroid function, resulting in the release of thyroid hormones. A & D – Type I Hypersensitivity (Certain allergens, especially drugs, insect venoms, latex, and foods may induce a type I IgE antibody response.); C – Type IV.
57. D – After full formation of enamel, the inner and outer enamel epithelium meet to form the cervical loop, the tip of which becomes Hertwig’s root sheath. The Hertwig root sheath will cause root formation through induction of the cells of the dental papilla to become odontoblasts. As the cervical loop forms inpockets or ingrowths, various numbers of roots will form.
58. B – Turner’s tooth or Turner’s hypoplasia is an enamel defect seen in permanent teeth caused by inflammation or trauma in the overlying primary tooth. This causes discoloration to the tooth crown that varies from white, yellow or brown.
59. A – Herpes zoster’s symptoms are usually unilateral unless in cases where the patient is immunocompromised.
60. B – The viral particles or virions contain either RNA or DNA that is encased in a protein coat called capsid. A – consists solely of a single molecule or circular RNA without a protein coat or envelope. They cause several diseases in plants but has nothing to do with humans. C – infectious protein particles that are composed solely of protein. D – obvious
61. D – Take note of the difference between abscess and cellulitis. Abscess is a localized, purulent type of infection. A cellulitis, in contrast is a diffuse, spreading type of inflammation. Early symptoms of pericoronitis are pain and swelling localized to the operculum over the crown of the tooth. In severe cases, the patient may complain of limitation of mouth opening and facial swelling. Spread of infection may occur to deeper tissues.
62. B – the mandible is principally formed by intramembranous ossification while the condyle is formed by secondary cartilage.
63. A
64. D – Secondary dentin can be found just interior to primary dentin, narrowing and enclosing the pulpal tissue. When primary dentin borders on secondary dentin, the tubules abruptly change direction although their number is approximately the same.
65. B – When the cusps of the tooth emerge from the gingiva, the reduced enamel epithelium fuses with the gingival epithelium and, together with the primary cuticle or last cell layer of enamel, forms the epithelial attachment. The reduced enamel epithelium is tbe name for the combination of ameloblasts, stellate reticulum and outer enamel epithelium which remain after tooth formation is complete.
66. B
67. B
68. C – Cleft lip is caused by the failure of the maxillary processes to fuse with the medial nasal swellings. A – gives to DiGeorge Syndrome, B – associated with mandibulofacial dysostosis, D – cleft palate.
69. A – Solid (multicystic) form requires surgical excision since it has a tendency to recur when treat with enucleation alone. Resection should be reserved for larger lesions. Unicystic lesions usually require only enucleation since the risk or recurrence is lower (10% recurrence rate after enucleation)—they should not be over-treated.
70. C

SET 3

1. D (RESTO)
2. A (RESTO) – Ideally, isolation is brought about by the use of rubber dam. Secondly, we can used cotton rolls, absorbent wafers and suction devices.
3. A (PH)
4. B  (COMMDENT) – Specificity measures the proportion of those without disease who are correctly identified by a negative test.
5. B (RESTO)
6. D (COMMDENT)
7. C (RESTO)
8. C (RESTO)
9. D (PH) – The correct answer is CEA Winslow
10. A (RESTO)
11. C (RESTO)
12. A (COMMDENT)
13. C (RESTO)
14. C (RESTO)
15. C (RESTO) – The nib is that part of non-cutting instruments that corresponds to the blade and is the working end of the instrument.
16. C (RESTO) – The term “shoeing” refers to minimal or partial coverage of the cusp by means of a finishing bevel on the crest of the cusp. Except for situations demanding a minimal display of gold (i.e. facial cusps of maxillary molars and premolars), capping or complete coverage of cusp is always preferred over shoeing.
17. B (RESTO)
18. B (COMMDENT)
19. A (COMMDENT)
20. D (RESTO) – The surface pertains to the root surface of the tooth which is made up of cementum. Cementum is not etched and a cavity in that area would mean that the tooth cannot be restored by conventional means.
21. A (PH)
22. B (PH)
23. C (RESTO)
24. C (RESTO)
25. C (RESTO)
26. B (COMMDENT) – Once an individual has dental caries or has had it, the examiner will discover it either as an active lesion or an extracted tooth or a filling that was placed after caries removal.
27. C (COMMDENT)
28. B (RESTO)
29. D (RESTO)
30. D (RESTO) – IRM is zinc oxide eugenol with PMMA beads added. The eugenol component of IRM will interfere with the setting of the composite filling material.
31. A (RESTO) – The solvent in the varnish (usually ether or chloroform) may react with and soften the resin.
32. C (RESTO)
33. A (COMMDENT)
34. D (COMMDENT)
35. C (RESTO) – By this time, the amalgam restoration would have achieved sufficient strength to support firm burnishing pressure.
36. B (RESTO)
37. B (RESTO) – Solution liners are 2 – 5 microns thick.
38. C (RESTO)
39. B (PH)
40. D (RESTO) – Pulpo-axial line angles in Class II cavity preparations should be beveled to minimize stress concentration in the restoration.
41. C (PH)
42. C (RESTO)
43. B (RESTO)
44. A (COMMDENT)
45. A (COMMDENT)
46. C (PH)
47. C (RESTO)
48. C (PH)
49. A (PH)
50. C (PH)
51. C (RESTO)
52. A (COMMDENT) – Irreversible indices are Dental Epidemiologic Indices that quantify irreversible conditions. Examples are: DMFT (Decayed, missing or filled teeth), DMFS (Decayed, missing or filled surfaces), DEFT (Decayed, extracted or filled teeth) and DEFS (Decayed, extracted or filled surfaces). (First Aid for the NBDE Part 2 & Dental Secrets 3^rd ed.)
53. C (RESTO)
54. B (PH)
55. D (RESTO) – The force varies inversely with the area of the condenser face.
56. C (RESTO) – B is for composite polishing
57. C (RESTO) – This is a phenomenon that can occur around restorations due to shrinkage or poor placement technique, whereby oral fluids seep down the microscopic gaps present and allow caries to develop. The other options are fictitious J
58. B (PH)
59. B (RESTO)
60. C (PH) – The results of DMFT index yield a group’s caries susceptibility. (Dental Decks for Public Health 2001)
61. C (PH)
62. D (RESTO) – The rake angle is the angle made between the rake face and the line connecting the edge of the axis of the bur.
63. C (COMMDENT)
64. D (RESTO)
65. B (COMMDENT) – Take note of the term “subtropical climate,” this is according to the National Oral Health Survey 2006
66. A (RESTO)
67. B (RESTO)
68. C (RESTO)
69. A (RESTO)
70. A (RESTO)

SET 4

1. D
2. A – Stiffness in dental materials is aka modulus of elasticity. (Sturdevant)
3. B
4. A
5. D – Dicor is a glass-ceramic material from Denstply.Dicor restorations were made using lost-wax, centrifugal casting process. (Sturdevant)
6. C – one of the particles of composite
7. B
8. D
9. A – Possible causes of lisping with complete dentures: 1) too much horizontal overlap, 2) arch form too broad, 3) anterior teeth placed too far labially, 4) palatal contour too constricted, 5) broadened & thickened contour for tongue contact
10. B
11. C
12. C – Other causes: overclosure (excessive interocclusal distance), posterior denture teeth set too far buccally or lingually or distally)
13. D
14. B – A v-shaped palate does not offer satisfactory resistance to vertical force.
15. B – There has to be contact between the minor connector and the DL line angle of the mesial abutment as well as on the ML line angle of the distal abutment to prevent food impaction.
16. B – one needs to do periodontal probing & radiographs to assess this.
17. C
18. C
19. C
20. A
21. B
22. C
23. A – on the other hand, C (zinc polycarboxylate) is the most soluble cement
24. D
25. D – Take note of the word “theoretically” which would explain why chamfer is not the answer. A feather edge margin would be best to allow burnishing and adaptation of gold to the tooth. However, in practice, it is hard to read this kind of finish line in the cast so a chamfer is preferred. (Dental Secrets 2^nd ed., Dental Decks for Prosthodontics 2001)
26. B – Type I – temporary cement, Type III – temporary filling material and insulating base (aka reinforced ZOE), Type IV – cavity liner.
27. A
28. B
29. A
30. A
31. D
32. D
33. B
34. C
35. A
36. C
37. D – A stress that tends to resist a twisting motion or sliding of one portion of a body over another is known as a shear stress which results from the forces that act parallel to the surface of the objects
38. A
39. C – The casting contains unavoidable porosities but when it’s drawsn into a wire, these porosities collapse and disappear
40. D
41. B – As the denture base moves upward, the most anterior rest resists downward movement and this increases the effectiveness of the direct retainer
42. C
43. B
44. D – Type I – impression plaster, Type II – model plater, Type III – dental stone, Type V – High-strength and high expansion dental stone
45. B
46. A
47. D
48. B
49. C
50. D
51. A – In contrast, B (impression compound) is an inelastic impression material.
52. D
53. A
54. D – Let’s negate the options one by one: A is wrong since the facebow record orients the maxilla to the transverse axis of the mandible in three dimensions & allows the transfer of this orientation to the articulator. B is wrong since the mandibular cast is mounted based on correct centric relation. Maxillary cast with its occlusion rim should be mounted first then the mandibular occlusion rim is luted to the maxillary occlusion rim in its correct position. After which, the mandibular cast is luted to the mandibular record base. C is wrong since the reference of VDO in edentulous patients would be the physiologic rest position.
55. B
56. D
57. A
58. C
59. B
60. A – While the palatal rugae serves as secondary support area of the maxillary complete denture
61. C
62. B
63. C
64. A – aka opening and closing axis point
65. D
66. C
67. A
68. A – 20 – 30 psi air pressure is needed during processing to eliminated porosities. Porosities also occur if the packing and processing of the powder and liquid resin is too plastic (stringy or sandy).C – would cause gas bubbles to be trapped within the denture material
69. B
70. D

SET 5

1. C – Other signs & symptoms of a mandibular body or angle fracture include: 1) lower lip numbness, 2) pain, mobility, or bleeding at the fracture site.
2. C – During cyanosis, tissues are uncharacteristically low on oxygen, and therefore tissues that would normally be filled with bright oxygenated blood are instead filled with darker, deoxygenated blood. Not to be confused with pallor which is associated with anemic patients. D – particularly with 2ndary polycythemia where pxs experience hypoxia.
3. A – In order of frequency: angle – condylar neck – symphysis – body – ramus – coronoid process
4. D
5. B – keyword is “ground glass”
6. A
7. A – FYI, Hallermann-Streuff is associated with the presence of supernumerary teeth
8. C
9. D – The key here is to note that the patient is healthy. So the first thing you suspect is that the patient had a vasovagal syncope episode. Syncope is the most common emergency seen after the use of local anesthesia. D – patient who had a vasovagal syncope episode should be placed in a fully supine position (legs should be elevated above the level of the heart (Trendelenburg position) and place a cool, moist towel on the head. Additional treatment may be necessary based on symptoms
10. B
11. B
12. A – Resorbable sutures like plain and chromic catgut evoke an intense inflammatory reaction. This is the reason why these sutures are not used for suturing the surface of a skin wound. Among resorbable sutures, plain catgut has the most severe tissue reactivity.
13. D
14. C
15. C – In addition, it is best that the dentist stands in front of and to the side of the patient for maximum visibility and leverage when extracting maxillary teeth
16. D – aka Human herpesvirus 8
17. C
18. C – Dead space is any area in the wound that remains devoid of tissue after closure. It usually fills with blood which creates a hematoma with a high chance of getting infection
19. D
20. D
21. D
22. D – Urinalysis is also included in the routine tests.
23. D
24. A
25. B – Stridor is aka crowing sounds, a sign of respiratory obstruction. A – pupil dilatation
26. C
27. B
28. B
29. A
30. A – This lesion rarely cause discomfort to the patient and has no tendency to progress so no treatment is needed.
31. C
32. A
33. D – Its function is to support the emulsion
34. C
35. C
36. C
37. D
38. D
39. B
40. B – At this time, the bone is more flexible and the roots are not formed well enough to develop curves and undercuts. A – there’s a greater chance for abnormal root morphology which complicates extraction and get a higher chance for fractures. D – root development is insufficient so it’s harder to remove the tooth which has a tendency to roll inside the socket.
41. A – In order of difficulty, least to most: (mandibular third molars) mesioangular  – horizontal – vertical – distoangular. (maxillary third molar) distoangular – vertical – horizontal – mesioangular
42. B – not all fractures in the orbital area can be described in these terms
43. D
44. B
45. B
46. B
47. B
48. B – Bitot’s spots are associated with vitamin A deficiency. See #52
49. B
50. B
51. C – or 12 breaths per minute
52. A
53. B – FYI, For children: 1 breath every 4 seconds. For infants: 1 breath every 3 seconds
54. B
55. C
56. D
57. D
58. D
59. B – argyria is caused by silver poisoning
60. D – This suture pattern offers strength and stability since each suture is independent to one another
61. D – Take note that the question is asking for an “alternative” –there is no other solution acceptable for biopsy but 10% formalin
62. B
63. D
64. B
65. D
66. A – All double and triple-rooted teeth cannot be rotated and must be luxated in the buccal and lingual directions. Mesial-distal motion is normally ruled out because of the existence of adjacent teeth
67. A – This type of cyst develops in the midline of anterior maxilla just posterior to the upper central incisors.
68. B – Osteomyelitis radographically present as ragged, patchy or meth-eaten areas of radiolucency—the outline of the area of destruction is irregular and poorly defined
69. D – A – slowest. No films are sold in speed groups A, B & C. E films – Ektaspeed, F films – Insight (Kodak)
70. C

Karamihan ng pumasok sa Top Ten ay mula sa University of the Philippines – Manila. Sana magpa-party naman ang dekano nila

Eto ang kabilang sa mga topnotchers:

1. Pia Briones (UP Manila) – 85.12%
2. Leonida Garcia (UP Manila) & Jefalyn Mae Garcia (University of Baguio) – 84.04%
3. Dindo Rabino (UP Manila) – 83.67%
4. Ariane Sadiang-Abay (UP Manila) – 83.33%
5. Ma. Fatima Dolor (UP Manila) – 83.24%
6. Adrianne Gomez (UP Manila) & Joanna Bless Yap (Cebu Doctors) – 83.18%
7. Katrina Lo (UP Manila) – 83.17%
8. Roxanne Donato (UP Manila) – 83.10%
9. Ulysses Patalinghug (UP Manila) – 82.84%
10. Reuel Beatriz (AUP) – 82.65%

Eto naman ang listahan ng mga bagong dentista:

List of successful examinees
Dentist Licensure Exam

1. ABALOS, VIVIEN MAE DIZON
2. ABAO, LOURA MELCHOR
3. ABELLA, MAE LABISTE
4. ABRIGO, ANDREA ANA CUBILLEJO
5. ACDAN, SHELLEY GAYLE LUGTU
6. ADRAYAN, ROZZANNE ELTHANNA PARADO
7. AFABLE, ALINE AISADORA ARANILLA
8. ALADA, CONCEPCION GUNDRAN
9. ALPAJORA, JERRYLYN LOPEZ
10. ALVAREZ, AINA GOMEZ
11. ANG, ANALYN DE LEON
12. ANG, MA CHANI GALE CHUA
13. ANGCO, RAYCHELL ECHALAR
14. ANTIPALA, NINA RICCI CUNANAN
15. AQUINO, JOSHUA BARTOLO
16. ARAGONES, JED RYAN SANTOS
17. AROMIN, KATHRINE ANNE ALEJANDRINO
18. ATIENZA, JO ANNE OCAMPO
19. AVENDAÑO, GERALD ANGELO CADALZO
20. BAGTILAY, JONATHAN MEJIA
21. BALASE, MARIA LOUISE MAGAT
22. BALINGIT, MADONNA GAVINO
23. BALLARBARE, ARIANNE BAÑADERA
24. BANGIBAN, VIC ANDREW BERNABE
25. BANOG, MARICON ALPUERTO
26. BARILLOS, ANTHONY OLALIA
27. BARRUEL, SARAH JANE ABATAYO
28. BAUN, IOLA GRACE ANGELES
29. BAUTISTA, PRINCESS CAROLINE BORROMEO
30. BAÑES, MARY GRACE BAGUIO
31. BEATRIZ, REUEL CUCIO
32. BELTRAN, HAZEL MEJIA
33. BORBON, NIÑA FATIMAH DIMAYUGA
34. BRIONES, ELISHA MAE REGINALDO
35. BRIONES, PIA DELA CRUZ
36. BUROG, CYRIL CUSI
37. CABALLERO, LUJEAN KAREN RAMIREZ
38. CABARRUBIAS, BRYLE SNEH GILAMON
39. CABATIT, DAISY JANE SAYSON
40. CABUSAO, THERESA LOUISE AGLIAM
41. CADDAWAN, JOHANNAH TANDI
42. CADIZ, TEOTIMO JR JACABAN
43. CALMA, HAZEL ESGUERRA
44. CAMBAS, NILLENN WONG
45. CAMPANO, JET ABIGAIL BALUYUT
46. CAMPOS, MARIA LUISA ANTONIA MARTINEZ
47. CAPISTRANO, VANESSA GELA BENAVIDEZ
48. CARINGAL, DIANNE KATHLEEN REYES
49. CARIÑO, MONTAGÑOSO SILVINO
50. CARLOS, EVE RODEN GAMAD
51. CASTAÑEDA, ATRICIA ANN ALON-ALON
52. CASTILLO, MICHAEL ANGELO TABUNAN
53. CAYABYAB, JOUYLYN BAGUIO
54. CEPEDA, MARK JOHN SEÑERES
55. CHAN, BEVERLY JOANNE SIBBALUCA
56. CHIONG, WELLAINE LU
57. CHONG, JOHN RAYMUND NAVARRO
58. CINCO, KATHLEEN MAULION
59. CORPUZ, MARIA ROWENA DIZON
60. CRUCILLO, DIGNA COMPETENTE
61. CRUZ, ANGELICA MANALO
62. CUETO, BEVERLY MAULION
63. CUEVAS, VICTORIA RIVERA
64. CUSTODIO, BELEN PANOL
65. DE CASTRO, JOY ANN MACABALE
66. DE JESUS, ERIZA RHEA CRUZ
67. DE LA SERNA, LOUIE ABELITO LOSEÑADA
68. DE VERA, SUNDAE MARK ESTRADA
69. DEL ROSARIO, PERPETUA FERRER
70. DELETINA, MARY GRACE ESTIAGA
71. DELOS REYES, JANICE FLOR ESPIRITU
72. DIAZ, CHARMAINNE GEMZON
73. DIMAPILIS, RONA MAY HERNANDEZ
74. DIVINA, NORIETA IBALIO
75. DOLOR, MA FATIMA BERNALDEZ
76. DOMINGO, CRISANTO CARLOS
77. DONATO, ROXANNE DELA PIERRE
78. DOTILLOS, RAQUEL FORMALEJO
79. DUMANDAN, MARITES CANO
80. DUMLAO, FEMERYLLE AGUSTIN
81. ECHIVERRI, ERIKA MARGAUX MALABANAN
82. ECKMAN, ANGIE PIAY
83. ESGUERRA, CLARISSA MARIE GENER
84. ESPARAGOZA, JEFFREY ALEMANIA
85. ESTANIEL, TRISHA MELANIE DAVID
86. EUGENIO, ALLYNE MAY GASIT
87. FABILLAR, JAIME JR MORENO
88. FABUTT, LORENCE MARTINEZ
89. FERNANDEZ, DENISE PASTRANA
90. FLORES, JULIE ANN VALLE
91. FRANCISCO, MARK LOUIE SALONGA
92. FUDOLIG, JANE EYRIE PAGENTE
93. FULGENCIO, CHRISTINE BELLO
94. GALVEZ, ANN MARI ECLEO
95. GAN, HAZEL RUBY LEE
96. GARCES, HIDEE ROSARIO
97. GARCIA, ANNICRIS ESTIVA
98. GARCIA, JEFALYN MAE SALOMON
99. GARCIA, LEONIDA PASCUA
100. GARCIA, RACHELLE ANN LIZARONDO
101. GARDIOLA, MARLOGENE FLORENTINO
102. GATBONTON, SUSETTE ANN CRUZ
103. GENIL, JOHN NICO QUIDAYAN
104. GOMEZ, ADRIANNE ANG
105. GONZAGA, ROEJANE ABUZO
106. GONZALES, ANNA SYRA BULAONG
107. GONZALVO, PATRICIA GRACE ATIENZA
108. GRAJO, PAUL JOHN ARIMADO
109. GUECO, VANESSA PAGUIA
110. GUEVARRA, LYNLEY PERFANIA
111. HASNE, RAMI ABDUL N S BERSAMINA
112. HERNANDEZ, AISHA BAQUIR
113. HERNANDEZ, BEN HUR PITOGO
114. HERRERA, BONALYN JOY BERNARDINO
115. IGNACIO, ANNA CAMILLE GOMEZ
116. ILUSTRE, JOEL REYES
117. ILUSTRE, JOY LYN OLAN
118. IPANAG, ALGEN COTO
119. IRABON, MA JENIFFER BUNYOG
120. ISIP, PETER JOSEPH JABAT
121. JABAGAT, ROSE CEILOU RAVELO
122. JACLA, ANGELINA GALLAZA
123. JAO, CAIREEN GAIL NAVALTA
124. JAVILLANA, RAQUEL DOCTOR
125. JAYLON, BONN ANDREW SOLMAYOR
126. JIMENEZ, RENATO VIERNES
127. JUSTINIANE, ANTHONY RALPHE DINGAL
128. KANG, SHIN MO MAPALO
129. KASILAG, RAYMOND SICAT
130. LACHICA, MARIE ROSSINI CARMELA TORRES
131. LACSON, MARK REGINO CORTEZ
132. LADEA, MARIA FE TABERARA
133. LAGMAY, LORRAINE LABERINTO
134. LANTICAN, FAYE VALERIE TUPAS
135. LAVARIAS, KIRK GLENN CALUYA
136. LECHADORES, MARIA SOCORRO BOISER
137. LEDESMA, GISELLE CABANOS
138. LIBATIQUE, LORENA JOYCE CASTRO
139. LIGTAS, DEBRA FE RUEGO
140. LIM, ELTTON FRITZ SURIO
141. LO, KATRINA PE
142. LOQUIAS, MARIE ANGELICA ALEMANIA
143. MACASPAC, JACQUELINE LAYUG
144. MAGUSARA, JIMUEL PUQUIZ
145. MANALIGOD, ERROL JANE CALISNAO
146. MANALO, MARICA KRISTINA REYES
147. MANZANO, MARK ALVIN LEMON
148. MARQUEZ, ETHEL JOY ROJALES
149. MARQUEZ, NEIL PATRICK ESGUERRA
150. MARTILLAS, MOISES JR RELATADO
151. MARTUS, KENNETH SIA
152. MASANGKAY, BENEDICK MARQUINEZ
153. MATA, SARAH TEJARES
154. MAUHAY, IAN ARVIN VILLARAMA
155. MAYNIGO, LESEILLE MEMBRERE
156. MILLETE, MARY JEAN LOBRIGO
157. MORANTE, FRESIANE DE PERALTA
158. MOSING, CEASARIA UMALLIW AO-AS
159. NEGRILLO, MARY GRACE JIMENEZ
160. NORA, RIA RINA PILI
161. OBRA, MARILYN CARIAGA
162. PABAIRA, JENNALYN MANZANO
163. PABLO, REYSIE ANN ANDACA
164. PAGSIBIGAN, EVELYN SANTIAGO
165. PAGUIRIGAN, ANNE LORRAINE ACOSTA
166. PALOMA, ANNA KATHRINA BALBINO
167. PASCUAL, LARIZA FORTUNATO
168. PATALINGHUG, ULYSSES CATACUTAN
169. PENALES, MELANIE GARCIA
170. PERALTA, CRESTALY GARCIA
171. PILIT, MA AIRENE JILL ALDAY
172. PINGCO, KRISTINE MAE SAGGE
173. PONFERRADA, WENFORT PACE
174. PORMENTILLA-LOPEZ, JEILANI OMER LORENZO
175. PORTER, MARGARET LOUISE ACHACOSO
176. POSADA, JASON TASARRA
177. PUSA, MARIA GIRLIE PIZON
178. QUITO, ADELAIDA NAPAL
179. QUITO, NOEMI MENDOZA
180. RABANO, ANNA LYN COSTELO
181. RABINO, DINDO AGUSTIN
182. RAMOS, RYAN SABLAN
183. REGADO, ANTHONY TEO
184. REGALA, GIOVANNI PAULO DOMINIC MIRANDA
185. REQUERME, CHRISTY LAPA
186. RESULLAR, JONALYN NADELA
187. RESURRECCION, RAMIL SALAZAR
188. REYES, CARMINA LAO
189. REYES, LADY RUTH DE LARA
190. REYES, RAYMUND DE GUZMAN
191. RICO, JESUS LILIUS RECTO
192. ROBLES, ANNADELLE OCHOA
193. ROBLES, JOSE GABRIEL III OCHOA
194. RODRIGUEZ, SUSANNE CORONACION
195. RODRIGUEZ, VICENTE HARRY III GONZALES
196. RUFLO, GABRIELLE SANTIAGO
197. RULLAN, JULIUS ALBERT LOPEZ
198. SAAVEDRA, NADJA LONGCOB
199. SABELLITA, CHRISTOPHER LAMANOSA
200. SADIANG-ABAY, ARIANE TORRERES
201. SALAZAR, CHRIST JEAN MARANAN
202. SAMSON, MICHELLE MANZALAY
203. SAN FELIX, CAMILLE MELISANDE SERAFICA
204. SANDIKO, NIÑA ROXANNE VIRAY
205. SANTIAGO, PACITA LICOP
206. SANTOS, KARLA VANESSA SAGUTIN
207. SANTOS, NARMILYN NUQUE
208. SAUCELO, KATHREEN GAYLE PADUA
209. SHAFIEE, JOAQUIN MASOUD CASTAÑO
210. SHAFIEE, MOHAMMAD CASTAÑO
211. SIERRA, ANTONIO CARMELO LAPUS
212. SIONOSA, PAUL MARI LLAVORE
213. SOLAMILLO, CHERRY MAE SOLON
214. SOLLANO, MARILOU ASTILLERO
215. SOLOMON, MELISSA RENELLE ENTENA
216. SOMODIO, CHRISTINE LOU POLO
217. SORIANO, DON VICTOR MENDOZA
218. STA MARIA, JESI MARIE NUÑEZ
219. TABILOG, VON DAING
220. TAGO, NASRIFAH MACUD
221. TAN, RUSTANETTE DIANE PALMIERY
222. TANGALIN, ANALEE PICAR
223. TAPAWAN, KEVIN POBLETE
224. TAQUEBAN, ROMMEL GACUTAN
225. TAYAG, HEYDILIN JOI ICBAN
226. TAYAO, JHOANNE RECAÑA
227. TORRES, KRISTAL DURANTE
228. TUGADE, JEAN REYES
229. TUHAO, JUANITO JR TUBIANO
230. UDARBE, MARIA CRISTINA SANTIAGO
231. USITA, MARC MARTIN MHORE SALVADOR
232. UY, JARIANE GO
233. VALENZUELA, KAY ASURTO
234. VELASCO, DANICA ANA CADUSALE
235. VELASCO, RACHEL ANN AMPARO
236. VENTURA, MARIA LAARNI MORALES
237. VERGARA, CHATLAINE SILVA
238. VILLA, LO ANN MENOR
239. VILLALVA, CHERRY PAREÑO
240. VILLANUEVA, SHERYLL CRUZ
241. VILLARAMA, GLADYS JAMILAH SAN JOSE
242. VILLENA, LYZAR PANGANIBAN
243. WILLIAM, CHERRY MAY AMGAO
244. WONG, JEFFREY VILLARUZ
245. YAP, JOANNA BLESS TAGO
246. YILDIRIM, MARK GREGORY NAVALTA
247. YLAYA, KARL ZAMORA
248. YRASTORZA, JOSE MARIA LUIS CHIU
249. YUMOL, KATHERINE JOY QUIAMBAO
250. YUSI, ANNA MICHELLE MAGTAL
251. ZAPATA, MA ZAHARA DIZON

Congratulations at natapos mo na rin ang kursong dentistry!

Mapa-Cliffhanger (as in sabit lang sa mga grumaduate dahil puro pasang-awa ang grade), Magna (magna-9 years binuno ang pagkuha ng kursong Dentistry imbes na 6 years lang) o Summa (sumakabilang buhay na ang ibang professors e hindi ka pa rin graduate) ka man ay sa wakas, iiwan mo na ang masalimuot na buhay bilang isang Dentistry student.

So akala mo e tapos na ang paghihirap mo ay eto’t magsusubsob ka na naman sa kaka-aral para sa Board Exam. Akala mo, pahinga ka na ano? Well, you thought wrong bwahaha (kulog, kidlat sound effects here).

Noong nasa high school pa lamang ako, ang sabi ko sa sarili ko ay kukuha ako ng kurso sa college na walang board exam. Nakakatrauma rin kasi ang mga entrance exam galore na kinukuha para makapasok sa gusto mong kolehiyo. Awa ng Diyos, napunta ako sa kursong hindi lang may board exam kundi may practical exam pa!

Hindi ko na idi-discuss ang mga requirements para makapag-take ng boards dahil alam ko na alam niyo na yun. Para sa hindi pa nakaka-alam, Google is your friend ;P

Kung interesado ka na mag-take ng Board Exam, malamang ay alam mo na dalawang beses ginaganap ang Dentistry Board Exam sa Pilipinas. Kung tatanungin ako kung kelan mas-OK mag take, dipende yan. Kung ikaw e nangangarap na mag-place sa Top Ten, alamin kung kung sino-sino ang mga magtetake ng Boards mula sa iyong iskwelahan at sa ibang college. Wag mong sabayan ang mga cum laude at mga “potential topnotchers” na pambato ng iba’t ibang iskwelahan lalo’t alam mong mas matatalino sila kesa sa iyo. Kapag tapos na silang mag-exam, yayain ang mga bopols mong mga kaklase para sabay-sabay kayong mag-take ng boards—kung di ka ba naman pumasok sa Top Ten niyan e ewan ko na lang….

Seriously, dapat mag-take ka kung kelan ka handa at nakapag-aral ng husto para sa exam. Hindi yung magte-take ka kasi gusto mo nang magka-boyfriend at ang kundisyon ng mga magulang mo e dapat maging dentista ka muna bago ka tumanggap ng manliligaw.

Kung nag-graduate ka ng March or April, mukhang dehado ka kung kukuha ka ng exam ng May. Mas ok kung December ka na lang.

Ang board exam ay ginawa para malaman na may sapat kang kaalaman para humawak ng pasyente bilang isang dentista. Hindi ito final exam na napaka-specific kaya wag masyadong career-in ang pagmemorize ng Interleukin I up to MXII (meron ba nito? hehe).

Sa unang linggo mo nag pagre-review, maaring mag-scout ng mga sample exams at reviewers na iyong gagamitin. Siyempre, kasama dito ang ever-favorite nating Wells Part 1 & 2. Meron nito sa mga bookstores—pwede mo ring tanungin ang lola mong dentista kung mahahanap pa niya mula sa kanyang baul ang kanyang kopya para hindi ka na gumastos pa.

Mangalap din ng mga kopya ng mga kilalang reviewers tulad ng NBDE, First Aid for the NBDE (outline reviewer at Q&A), ASDA at Dental Decks. Para sa akin, natuwa ako sa Dental Decks at First Aid Q&A for the NBDE pero huli na nung nadiskubre ko ito. Ginamit ko na lang ito para sa mga lectures ko para sa dental reviews.

Mind you, ang mga reviewers na nabanggit ko ay para sa US Dental Boards. Wala pang pormal na dental boards reviewer na nalalathala para sa mga Pinoy. Dudugo ang butas na bulsa ng mga magulang mo kung bibihin mo itong lahat. Ang ibang reviewers ay sa US lang mabibili at kung meron man dito ay maghanda na ng minimum of PHP1,000 per reviewer.

But don’t dispair, at andyan naman ang mga friendly xerox stalls sa Recto. May mga xerox stalls na nagbebenta ng naka-bind nang reviewers lalo na dun malapit sa mga dental schools sa Recto. Magtanong-tanong ka na lang doon. May mga electronic o pdf copies din ng mga reviewers na nabanggit…again, Google is your friend.

Magandang sagutin muna ang mga Q&A sa mga reviewers na ito para maging guide kung ano ang mga subjects na madami kang naalala (0 stock knowledge) at kung ano ang mga subjects na binaon mo na sa limot. Huwag sumilip sa answer key!!! God is watching…

Kapag tapos ka nang sagutan (o titigan kasi walang maisagot) ang mga questionnaire ay i-tally ang mga subjects according sa dami ng iyong nalalaman. At saka ka na magplot ng game plan mo pag-rereview.

Madami ang nagtatanong kung dapat pa bang mag-enroll sa mga review centers, well, kanya-kanya yan.

Sabi nga ng dati kong professor, nung panahon nila ay wala namang mga review class para sa pagtake ng boards pero nakapasa naman sila. So hindi siya isang requirement.

Pero makakatulong siya kung ikaw ang tipo ng estudyante na madaling makatulog pag nag-aaral mag-isa. Meron ding ilang lecturers na nagbibigay ng tips para madaling maalala ang ibang particulars ng ilang subjects.

Whether mag-eenroll ka sa isang review center o hindi, importante sa pagre-review sa kahit anong board exam ang pacing. Bigyan ang sarili ng definite schedule kung hanggang kelan lang dapat mag-review para sa isang subject at hindi yung buong pag-rereview mo e sa Commdent na nalaan.

Next topic, hopefully ay ma-review ko ang mga iba’t ibang dental review books at makapagbigay ng mga dental review centers. Kailangan ko munang magpasyente hehe

So ano na ngayon?

Siyempre maghanap ka na ng trabaho. Or kung isa ka sa mga mapalad na bibiyayaan nina “Mama at Papa” ng bagong dental clinic e mag-umpisa nang maghanap ng kontratista at interior decorator. Sa mga madlang people na inexhaust na ang bulsa ng mga magulang nila sa mahal ng tuition at gamit sa clinics (isama mo na ang kickback mo para makabili ng bagong IPhone), I’m sure kating-kati na ang palad ng mga magulang niyo na matikman ang una mong suweldo.

Naalala ko nung pumasa ako sa board exam (not too long ago), ang sabi ng tatay ko: “Tapos na ang lingguhang holdapan.”

Ang sabi ko naman: “Tapos na ang maliligayang araw.” Sabay tingin sa aking Smart (Not-So) Amazing Phone dahil alam kong matagal-tagal kaming magsasama dahil hindi na ako makaka-kickback.

LET THE JOB HUNTING BEGIN…

Para sa mga bagong pasang dentista, I hate to burst your bubble pero mahirap para sa ating mga dentista na makahanap ng trabaho.

Very limited ang mga nangangailangan ng dentista kaya dapat ay maghanap ka na ng prospective employer ngayon pa lang.

Madami ang mga website sa internet kung saan may mga posibleng employer na naghahanap ng dentista. Ang ilan dito ay ang mga sumusunod:

Sulit.com.ph

Jobstreet.com.ph

Pinoydental.com

Bukod sa mga website na nabanggit sa itaas, maari ring manghingi ng referrals sa mga professor mo at baka may kakilala sila na naghahanap ng associate dentist. Kitams, hindi lang passing grade ang magiging katas ng pangsisipsip mo sa mga CI at professors mo sa dental school!

Madalas ang tanong lagi ng mga naghahanap ng trabaho ay magkano ang suweldo. Pwes, bago mangako na ilibre ang buong angkan sa una mong sweldo e maghunus-dili ka muna. Unless makatsamba ka ng vacancy sa mga malalaking kumpanya bilang dental retainer or company dentist e malamang ang makakuha ka ng PHP 380 (minimum wage) to PHP 500 kada araw. Dipende sa employer kung with or without commission yun. Kadalasan, ang commission ay 10% hanggang 30% sa cost ng lahat na perang naipasok mo sa klinikang pinagtatrabahuhan mo.

Noong bagong pasa palang ako na dentista, nagtrabaho ako bilang associate dentist sa isang klinika. Minimum wage lang ang suweldo ko nuon plus 10% commission. Oo, mas malaki pa ang kinikita sa akin ng dental assistant namin at masaklap e nakukuha pa niyang mangutang sa akin!

Anyway, back to regular programming….

Maaring maliit ang suweldo kumpara sa lahat ng ginastos mo sa dental school pero ang importante dito ay mangalap ka ng experience sa paggamot ng iba’t ibang klase ng tao at makagawa ng iba’t ibang klaseng dental treatment. Sa tinagal-tagal mo sa pag-aaral ng dentistry ay kulang pa rin ang iyong training at madami ka pa ring matututunan sa isang professional dental set-up.

Ang pagtatrabaho bilang dental associate ay isang paraan din para malaman mo kung saang field ng dentistry mo gustong mag-concentrate. Malamang, pagkatapos ng 1 o 2 taon bilang associate dentist, magiging malinaw na sa iyo kung saang field ng dentistry ka nag-eexcel.

POST-GRAD TRAINING AND PRECEPTORSHIP PROGRAMS

Ngayon, kung may hang-over ka pa sa pag-aaral (at paghingi ng allowance) e maari kang mag-post grad training. Ang post-grad training ay maaring mga preceptorship or hospital-based training. Iba pa yung seminars tulang ng PAED ha?

Ang preceptorship ay isang klase ng training kung saan ang nagsu-supervise sa inyo ay isang expert sa naturang field. Halimbawa, sa preceptorship in orthodontics, isang bihasa o seasoned orthodontist ang inyong tatayong “teacher.” Kadalasan, konti lang kayong mga “estudyante” sa preceptorship kumpara sa isang formal class noong estudyante ka pa lang sa dental school. Ang presyo ay dipende rin sa program o course ng dentistang nag-ooffer ng preceptorship. Ang buong preceptorship course o program ay maaring tumagal ng 3 to 6 months. Pagkatapos ng preceptorship course, maari ka nang gumawa ng mga simpleng kaso sa specialized field na kinuha mo, pero paalala lang, hindi ka maituturing na specialist. Sisikaping kong makagawa ng separate na article tungkol sa mga specialist at sa mga “feeling” specialist.

Ang mga preceptorship program ay dipende sa field na gusto mo. Meron sa orthodontics, esthetic dentistry, endodontics at iba pang fields ng dentistry.

Ang ilan sa mga preceptorship programs para sa mga dental practitioners ay ang mga sumusunod:

Philippine Institute of Dental Advancement (PIDA)

Ang PIDA ay may mga training programs para sa mga dentistang interesado sa mga sumusunod na disciplines ng dentistry: Implantology (2 parts), Orthodontics, Periodontics at Endodontics.

May mga preceptorship programs din na naka-advertise sa Pinoydental website.

May mga ilang ospital din na nag-aalok ng training programs. Dito, para kang residente sa ospital kung saan may mga mini-lectures o clinical conference, hospital duty at iba pa.

Ang ilan sa mga ospital na may dental training program ay:

Philippine General Hospital – Dept. of Hospital Dentistry

Kung Oral Surgery ang gusto mo, ang UP-PGH Dental Externship Program ang isa sa pinaka-kilalang training program para sa Oral Surgery. Mayroong entrance exam para makapasok sa program na ito. Ang buong training course ay tumatagal ng 6 na buwan o higit pa kung sakaling kailanganin mong mag-extend. Sa loob ng 6 na buwan ay sasanayin kayo sa iba’t ibang surgical cases sa PGH, kasama na dun ang mga lectures, Basic Life Support Sessions, workshops at 24 hour hospital duty.

Post Graduate Training Program in Dental Implantology – St. Jude Hospital, Dept. of Dental Medicine

Tel. No. (02) 731 – 2761 local 263

Ang St. Jude Hospital Implant Dentistry Training ay tumatanggap lamang ng hanggang 12 trainees. Saklaw ng 14-month training na ito ang implants, sinus lifting, bone grafting at pre-prosthetic surgery.

Pediatric Dentistry Training Program – Philippine Children’s Medical Center

Ang PCMC ay mayroong hospital-based Pediatric Dentistry training para sa mga dentista. Tumatanggap din sila ng fellowship training para sa nasabing dental discipline.

Residency Training Program – Pediatric Dentistry Center Philippines

Katulad ng PCMC, ang PDCP ay mayroon ding Pediatric Dentistry training program. Ang training ay tumatagal ng 1 taon kung saan ang trainee ay kailangang pumasok ng 4 times a week. Ang unang 3 buwan ng training ay may mga lectures at ang mga susunod na buwan ay ang clinical practice.

Center For Orthodontic Training Seminars

Ang COTS ay may iba’t ibang mga kurso  tulad ng programang patungkol sa Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Clinical Fellowship in Orthodontics at Periodontics.

UP College of Dentistry: Graduate Program in Orthodontics

Tel. No. 526-2296 to 97

Ang UP Graduate School ay may 2 programa para sa mga dentistang gustong maging bihasa sa orthodontics: ang Certificate of Proficiency in Orthodontics at ang Master of Science in Dentistry (Orthodontics). Ang UP ang unang nagtayo ng Masters of Science in Dentistry degree sa bansa.

UE Manila Graduate School

Ang UE College of Dentistry Graduate School ay may sumusunod na mga programa para sa mga dentista:

• Master of Science in Dentistry major in Periodontics
• Master of Science in Dentistry major in Orthodontics
• Master of Science in Dentistry major in Prosthodontics
• Master of Science in Dentistry major in Endodontics

2 taon ang kailangang bunuin para sa kursong ito at limitado lamang sa 10 local students at 4 na foreign students.

Kung ano mang landas ang iyong ibig tahakin, hangad ng Your Dentista ang iyong tagumpay bilang isang dental practitioner. Sana ay hindi magbago ang iyong isip pagkatapos ng isang taon at magpasyang mag-enroll uli ng ibang kurso.

Lubos ang aking pagbati sa lahat ng mga bagong dentista!

Special congrats kina:

Dr. Katherine Abeleda

Dr. Abegail Balboa

Dr. Lari Adao

Dr. Jane Dayag

Dr. Sheila Dee

Dr. Christine Modina

Dr. Charlene Quiaoit

Top Ten Dental Board Passers:

1 RICCA MAE VILLAREAL ROCO, UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST-MANILA – 85.02
2 KATHERINE LAUREN GO ABELEDA, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-MANILA – 84.30
3 ABEGAIL PINEDA BALBOA, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-MANILA – 84.12
4 MARION PATRICHE CAPULONG BONOAN, UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST-MANILA – 83.73
5 MIGUEL ATOM GORDONCILLO KOBAYASHI, EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE-MANILA – 83.61
6 LARI ANELA VISTAN ADAO, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-MANILA – 83.52
7 SHIM DANE KELSEY DE GUZMAN LIM, CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY-MANILA – 83.22
8 ELLAINE MORIT MASANGKAY, UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST-MANILA – 83.10
9 CARMI ANGELINE RAFANAN ALAS, UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST-MANILA 82.92
10 ROGELIO MANGUNE VERDEJO JR, EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE-MANILA – 82.6

And the new dentists are:

1 ABELEDA, KATHERINE LAUREN GO
2 ABERIN, MARIA LOUISA BATALLA
3 ACAYLAR, KRISTELA CAMAE ALLERA
4 ACHACOSO, KARA MONICA MARIE PANUNCIALMAN
5 ADAO, LARI ANELA VISTAN
6 AGCAOILI, DENNIS EVARLE
7 AGPOON, ARIANE JHESSA DIZON
8 ALAS, CARMI ANGELINE RAFANAN
9 ALBUERA, CATHERINE DY
10 ALO, CHARLENE SEGUIN
11 ALPHA, SHERGLAISHA SAHIBUDDIN
12 ALTAMERA, STAHL ABOLTIVO
13 ALVARADO, EDEL GAY ESTURAS
14 AMOYO, MARGARITA ISIDRO
15 AMPONG, CAMILLE ARAGONES
16 AN, DAE SUNG
17 ANG, CONNIE LAVENTE
18 ANTONIO, JOHN MICHAEL CRUZ
19 ARDAÑA, KENNY DEAN CORDERO
20 ARGULLA, SHEILA GARCIA
21 ARTILLAGA, ARMIE AMO
22 ARUGAY, ZONA GALE ANAPI
23 ASIA, GERARDO DIZON
24 ASUNCION, MARION MIRANDA
25 AVERIA, SUZANNE DE MESA
26 BAHJIN, ROSALYN SHIA
27 BALBOA, ABEGAIL PINEDA
28 BALDO, LAUNIE MAE LANDRITO
29 BANAAG, YVONNE ALANO
30 BARREDO, MA LOURDES IRENE ANGELICA MANTE
31 BASILISCO, EDITHA GERALDE
32 BATERINA, JERRI DEIDRE’ CAITLIN PALAGANAS
33 BAÑAS, CATHERINE BUSIÑOS
34 BENEDICTO, KEN KEN LUCAS
35 BESOY, GLORY BUMAL-O
36 BOBILA, RYAN-MARK PAYABYAB
37 BONALES, JAY CAYAON
38 BONOAN, MARION PATRICHE CAPULONG
39 BOÑAGA, MARY JANE DIAZ
40 BRAVO, SARAH KAYE GUTIERREZ
41 BRUTAS, HANNAH LYNN CABRITO
42 BUENAVENTURA, MARTIN ADRIAN ROSERO
43 BUNNELL, ALBERT LAWRENCE ADRIANO
44 CALCEÑA, GREGORY-JEFFREY BAUTISTA
45 CANTERO, MA LARVIE MAGPAYO
46 CARANGUIAN, EDDIE OLAN
47 CARAOS, ALFREJINO RECTO
48 CARPIO, BERNADETTE LAAO
49 CARREON, MAUREEN CUNANAN
50 CASANOVA, RAPHAEL CEZAR BAUTISTA
51 CASTAÑEDA, RETCHELL CAMAN
52 CASTILLET, LUIS JR ESTEBAN
53 CASTILLO, ANNA THERESA MACALANDONG
54 CASTRO, MARILYN MACASIEB
55 CATACUTAN, CHERRY RALA
56 CAVITE, CHRISTA JOYCE ARROYO
57 CENIZA, GERALDINE ALBAO
58 CHUA, SHEENA LYN YU
59 CIPRIANO, MIQUELLA CRUZ
60 CODILLA, CLEMEN ANTHONY CLERIGO
61 CODILLA, RANULFO JR CLERIGO
62 COPINO, MICHAEL COMINGUEZ
63 CORDERO, MARICAR NAZAL
64 CRUZ, ALASTAIR NARIO
65 CUASAY, KATHERINE ESCEL REYES
66 CUSTODIO, SHIRLYN TABAOSARES
67 DAJOYAG, EMELINA CASANOVA
68 DALAGAN, WILNAHBELL MEJARES
69 DATOY, KATHREENE FER LOPEZ
70 DATU-HARON, AMINA BUBONG
71 DAYAG, MARY JANE JURADO
72 DAYRIT, DARYL JOY ANTONIO
73 DE GUZMAN, MERLITA CABANSAG
74 DE LEON, TONIE MAE RAGONJAN
75 DE LOS SANTOS, IMELDA ABAYARI
76 DEE, MARY ANN DOROTHY ORTUOSTE
77 DEE, SHEILA MAY LAO
78 DEL ROSARIO, REY RAYMOND FOJAS
79 DELIMA, IVY MAQUILAN
80 DELOS ANGELES, AHLEN VARGAS
81 DIAZ, FAUSTINE HIGINIA RADTKE
82 DIAZ, MICHAEL PEREZ
83 DOTIG, ELENO JR UNTIVEROS
84 ELEAZAR, ETHEL GRAJO
85 ERNACIO, CRISTINA DE ASAS
86 ESGUERRA, MARIA CATHRINA DIMARUCUT
87 ESPINO, MARY ANN CASTILLO
88 FARCON, JENYLYN REYES
89 FARIN, CHARLEEN TANQUILUT
90 FELISMINO, CLARK JONATHAN CAPULONG
91 FLORES, MARELEN GARCIA
92 GAVIOLA, AMBROSIO JR BELARMINO
93 GERODIAS, MARNEL MARTINEZ
94 GOZON, TATIALEN CRISHZIEL SANTOS
95 GOZUN, APRIL HELEN PLACINO
96 GUIANG, MARK STEVEN SANTOS
97 GUIÑEZ, GUADA JEAN ASINO
98 GUMANGAN, EDGAR MADDAWAT
99 HERBOSA, REGINE ANN FRANCO
100 HERNANDEZ, ROSEBIL SUSMERANO
101 ILAGAN, KATHRYN DIANE JOY HABLO
102 JAYLON, THADDEUS AMORES
103 JOCOM, JONAVEL LIMBAGA
104 JOSON, REGINA ALCASID
105 KHADEMATOLRASOUL, MAHDI TOLENTINO
106 KOBAYASHI, MIGUEL ATOM GORDONCILLO
107 LANDAYAN, JORDI IZZARD ANDAYA
108 LANTIN, DANNA MARIE GALARPE
109 LARAGAN, LORETO JR FIGUEROA
110 LAURESTA, RHEYNALYN RAMIREZ
111 LAYSON, MARIA LUZ DEMORAL
112 LEE, CHARISSA FAITH DEL MUNDO
113 LERA, JESSICA MAULION
114 LIABAN, MARY JOYCE MARIANO
115 LIAT, ROES MAE GALUTERA
116 LIM, SHIM DANE KELSEY DE GUZMAN
117 LIMJUICO, LARAINE RIVERA
118 LIMJUICO, MAY ANNE CALALANG
119 LUMBANG, ABEGAIL MARQUEZ
120 LUNA, MARGARET YAP
121 MACARAEG, MARI MYRIAM CELIS
122 MALGAPO, DENNIS STA MARIA
123 MALVAR, ADA ROSELLE SY
124 MANALANG, MA ADELYNE MANIO
125 MANESE, JOSEPHINE DAVID
126 MANGALINDAN, JASON CARLO DELA CRUZ
127 MANGAOANG, MELANIE SADANG
128 MANSUJETO, LEIRA ANNE RACHEL GONIO
129 MARCOS, JAN MICHAEL TORRES
130 MARIANO, NOLAN JAMES ROXAS
131 MARIÑAS, RUTCHIE AGBANLOG
132 MARTIN, PATRICIA MARIE FABIA
133 MARTINEZ, JOY ANGELICA AYATON
134 MASANGCAY, MARGIELOU MACALISANG
135 MASANGKAY, ELLAINE MORIT
136 MEJIDANA, APRIL JOY ROMANTICO
137 MENCIAS, RANDOLPH ALVIAR
138 MENDOZA, EDERLINA CAUSE
139 MENDOZA, KRISTINA FE REPOSO
140 MERCADO, GLEA BARROZO
141 MERCADO, KATRINA FAJARDO
142 MIGUEL, SARAH BANGSALUD
143 MIRANDA, ANNA MARIE JAMELA
144 MODINA, CHRISTINA SUAZO
145 MOJADO, MA CRISZELLE CASTOR
146 MONTEJO, IVY PITCHIE MONEVA
147 MORADA, ROSALIE CALSADA
148 MORALES, ZIPPORAH FORCA
149 NAPERI, SHYR ANNE AQUINO
150 NARCISO, ANNABELLE BANAYAT
151 NATIVIDAD, KATHLEEN DELINA
152 NAVA, JAN EMIL MENDOZA
153 NAVARRO, ANNIE ROSE SUNGA
154 NAVARRO, HOLLY LOVELY ATHENA SALTING
155 NIKBIN, SHAHIDEH LAGPACAN
156 OBCEMEA, SHERRYL RAZON
157 OMBROG, RACHELLE SAGUM
158 ORIO, MARISSA LOMOTAN
159 OROLFO, IVY AMPARO PAVILANDO
160 ORTALIZ, PETER PAUL BARABONA
161 ORTIZ, RANDY DEL ROSARIO
162 PADLAN, MARGRIETTE BEVERLY MORALES
163 PAELMA, JAY RICO MACING
164 PAGKANLUNGAN, MICHAELA FRANCESCA DESIDERIO
165 PASCUAL, EMELITA REYES
166 PASCUAL, ERICA ANNE MUYUELA
167 PASCUAL, LISA MARIE MAQUINAY
168 PEREZ, BEA KRISTINA ABESAMIS
169 PINEDA, KAREN MAE PANGILAN
170 PINLAC, DONNABELLE ROSARIO
171 PULMANO, NORMAN JOSEPH JALON
172 QUIAOIT, CHARLENE BULLALAYAO
173 QUILA, EDNA QUIOZON
174 QUILAO, ETHEL JONNA MENDOZA
175 QUITO, MARIVIC DAVID
176 RAGASA, MA NORVILYN BRAVO
177 RAMIREZ, JO ANNE JOSE
178 RAMOS, AILEEN BANGSAL
179 RAMOS, KRISTINE SERRANO
180 RAMOS, MA SHELLY ANNE ISAGA
181 RAUSA, ADALBERT OSLER SUGAPONG
182 REAL, MARICAR BRAZA
183 REGODON, LESTER PANTONIA
184 REYES, DANGIELON JOHN CAPULONG
185 RICARDO, NICCA DALE GAMMAD
186 RIVERA, RIZYL NACALABAN
187 ROCA, BERNADETTE INTAL
188 ROCO, RICCA MAE VILLAREAL
189 ROJAS, KRISTINE LOU ULTRA
190 ROMEO, HANNA MAE GUMERA
191 ROSALES, ROSABELLE ESCOTON
192 RUEDA, CHRISTINE JOYCE UMALI
193 SALAZAR, JINN CLAUDE DALUPANG
194 SALAZAR, MARIA CRISTINA APUSAGA
195 SAMOZA, ELIZA FULGENCIO
196 SAN DIEGO, MADELAINE AMBAS
197 SANCHEZ, STEPHANIE ZARATE
198 SANTELICES, MARY MELODY ZUNIEGA
199 SANTIAGO, CHARITY GAILE ORTIZ
200 SANTOS, JOHN PAUL ESTRABILLO
201 SANTOS, MARIA JESSICA QUINTOS
202 SANTOS, RUTH JULLIE GALIAS
203 SARDINIA, ELWIN BOBILA
204 SAVILLA, MARNI NUÑEZ
205 SEDIEGO, MARA MEDINA
206 SERRANO, AILEEN GANABAN
207 SILVA, REINE MALOU GARCIA
208 SIMEON, EVANGELINE SOBREPEÑA
209 SOLOMON, MARY CHERRYLAINE ENERIO
210 SORIANO, GENEVIVE NARAG
211 SORIANO, NAPOLEON DELA TRINIDAD
212 SUAREZ, JONNA MONINA GO
213 SUAREZ, LORD MANGILIMAN
214 SUMULONG, KRISTINA GARCIA
215 SUSTIGUER, RACHYLLE MARIE DEL CAMPO
216 SY, MICAH SHANNALINE GO
217 TAGUBA, JOYCE ARZADON
218 TAYAG, ERNA CORRINE NARCISO
219 TIBURCIO, FATIMA MAE CORDERO
220 TIGLAO, LILIBETH MORALES
221 TORRES, LEOCEL DE ASIS
222 TULOD, JENNILOU ANGELIQUE RAYMUNDO
223 TUMANENG, DANIEL JULIUS SOLANO
224 TUNGOL, VENICE MALIT
225 UMIPIG, ANNA ELISHA PILI
226 URRUTIA, KAREN RAYMUNDO
227 UY, PARNELL JOANNE TAN
228 UYAN, IMMAYA DULNUAN
229 VALDE, JULIE ANN PURINO
230 VALLE, VIVIANE ELAINE BARLAAN
231 VANA, MYRA INOCENCIO
232 VELASCO, SONIA PAGLINGAYEN
233 VERDEJO, ROGELIO JR MANGUNE
234 VILLANUEVA, DEBORAH BATTUNG
235 WAGAN, CHARLENE MAE ORTIZ
236 WILLIAMS, JASON LIONG
237 YCONG, CHARLENE ABING
238 YU, ARVIN CHESTER LOVERIA
239 YUSON, ANGELI CHRISTIE CRUZ
240 ZACATE, JOSEPH JAYLOR TRAZO
241 ZAIDE, DESIREE ADRE
242 ZUÑIGA, CRISELDA CHICO

Ayon sa kanya:

“may braces ako, usually hindi tumatanggap ang mga dentist pag nailagay na yung braces. gusto nila tanggalin ulit at sila ang mag sstart. problem is, gastos na naman. what if matatapos na na tulad nung sa akin. buti na lang i was referred to someone na ok lang sa kanya. yun lang =P”

May mga ilang pasyente na rin ako na nagtanong kung anong pwedeng gawin kung sakaling hindi na matuloy ng kanyang dentista ang pag-aayos ng kanyang ngipin na may braces. May mga iba na maayos namang sinabihan ng kanyang dentista na hindi na nito maiipag-patuloy ang paggamot sa kanya pero yung iba ay biglang naglaho na lang yung dentista na parang bula.

Ano ba ang dahilan kung bakit hindi naiituloy ang orthodontic treatment (panggagamot gamit ang braces) sa isang pasyente.

Sa panig na dentista ang hindi makapagtuloy, heto ang ilang dahilan:

1. Kailangang magrelocate ng dentista ASAP kaya hindi na maituloy ang gamutan.

2. Nagkasakit/ Namatay ang dentista.

3. Na-feature ang dentista sa Imbestigador kasi hindi pala siya lisensyadong dentista kaya nakasuhan siya ng illegal practice of dentistry kaya napilitan siyang magsara agad ng clinic.

Sa panig naman ng pasyente:

1. Meron siyang hindi nagustuhan na ginawa ng kanyang dentista kaya na-turn off na siya at di bumalik. (Baka nakalimutang mag-deodorant ni Dok! Hehe)

2. Kinapos sa pera ang pasyente kaya hindi na makabalik kasi hindi na niya mababayaran ang installment sa braces.

3. Nagrelocate na ang pasyente at masyado nang malayo para magpabalik-balik uli sa dating dentista.

ANO ANG DAPAT I-EXPECT MULA SA DATING DENTISTA?

Ano man ang dahilan, kailangan maipagpatuloy ang gamutan para hindi masayang ang mga naunang naibayad ng pasyente para magpalagay ng braces. Hangga’t maari ay magandang makipag-ugnayan ang pasyente sa kanyang dentista (o vice versa) para makahanap ng ibang dentista ang pasyente na magpapatuloy ng pag-adjust ng braces niya.

Upang matulungan ang pasyente, maaring magrefer ang dating dentista ng bagong dentista na malapit o convenient sa pasyente na puntahan kasi nga magiging pabalik-balik ito hanggang sa matapos ang orthodontic treatment nito. Dapat ay irefer ng dating dentista ang pasyente sa isang dentista na bihasa din sa pag-ayos ng ngipin sa pamamagitan ng braces. Hindi yung irerefer niya ang pasyente sa kabarkada niya nung college kasi may porsyento siyang makukuha dito o dahil close lang sila. Basta sa pagre-refer ng pasyente sa kahit na sinong dentista, ang ikakabuti ng pasyente ang laging basehan.

Mas maganda kung makakapag-bigay ng written referral mula sa lumang dentista. Dito nakasaad ang case history ng pasyente, at mas maganda kung isasama sa referral letter yung modelo ng ipin bago ikabit ang braces o cast, x-ray, photos at dental record. Ito ay para matulungan ang bagong dentista sa pagpapatuloy ng gamutan sa pasyente.

Kung hindi maaari ang written referral ay maski telephone referral na lang. Basta mai-endorse lang nga maayos ng dating dentista sa bagong dentista ang pasyente, ay OK na.

Pero siyempre, kung nagkasakit o namatay ang dating dentista ay mukhang imposible na ang written referral at mas lalong imposible ang telephone referral. Sa ganitong pagkakataon ay pwedeng makiusap ang pasyente na kunin ang kanyang mga records mula sa klinika ng dentista. Pag nakuha niya ito ay maari na niya itong i-turn over sa bago niyang dentista.

ANG PAG-HUNTING SA BAGONG DENTISTA

Kung walang referral mula sa dating dentista, magandang mag-scout ng mga posibleng choices na bagong dentista. Maaring magtanong sa mga kaibigan na naka-braces para i-refer ka nila sa kanilang dentista. Para makasiguro na bihasa sa pag-ayos ng ngipin gamit ang braces ang dentista, maaring sumangguni sa website ng Association of Philippine Orthodontists. Meron silang Directory section doon kung saan ang mga dentistang bihasa sa orthodontics ay nakalista base sa location ng kanilang clinic. Madali kang makakapili ng dentistang malapit sa iyo!

ANO ANG DAPAT I-EXPECT NGAYONG MAY BAGO KA NANG DENTISTA?

Congratulations! May bago ka nang dentista!

Natatandaan mo ba noong bago ka kabitan ng braces ng iyong dentista? Diba nag-usap kayo kung ano ang game plan niya sa pag-aayos ng ngipin mo? Ngayon, sa bago mong dentista ay maaring mag-iba ang game plan na napag-usapan niyo ni former dentist. Dipende na kasi sa sitwasyon ng ngipin mo lalo na kung natagalan na hindi na-adjust ang braces mo.

Ang tagal ng gamutan ay natural na hahaba kumpara sa naunang predicted duration of treatment na napag-usapan niyo ng dati mong dentista. Kung ang unang usapan niyo ay isang taon, maaring mag-extend ito mula 1 1/2 hanggang 2 taon, dipende sa sitwasyon ng iyong mga ngipin.

Last but not the least, pag-usapan natin ang presyo. Una sa lahat, kung ano man ang naibayad mo sa dating mong dentista, labas na ang bagong dentista doon. Kung ano man ang balanse mo sa dati mong dentista ay hindi na valid kasi nga hindi naman matutuloy ang gamutan. Huwag din i-expect na kung magkano ang balanse mo sa dati mong dentista ay yun na rin lang ang ibabayad mo sa bago mong dentista para ituloy ang gamutan. Siyempre, maaring iba ang rate ng bago mong dentista sa former dentist mo. Kadalasan, mas mahal ang babayaran mo sa bago mong dentista, lalo na pag nag-relapse o bumalik sa dating pagka-sungki ang mga ngipin mo sa tagal nang hindi pag-aadjust.

E PAANO KUNG GUSTO KO NANG IPATANGGAL ANG BRACES KO SA IBANG DENTISTA?

Madalas din mangyari na ang pasyente na mismo ang ayaw magpatuloy ng gamutan at gusto na lang ipatanggal ang braces niya sa ibang dentista. Kapag ganito, dapat ay masigurado ng dentistang mag-aalis ng braces na hindi na makakabalik ang pasyente sa dentistang nagkabit ng braces niya para ito mismo ang mag-alis nito. Unethical kasi na pakialaman ng isang dentista ang gawa ng iba kaya’t maari ay kukumbinsihin niya ang pasyente na bumalik ito sa dentistang nagkabit ng braces niya. Kung hindi na talaga makakabalik ang pasyente sa nauna niyang dentista, maaring alisin ng bagong dentista ang kanyang braces—basta’t marunong siya ng tamang pag-alis nito. Ang proseso ng pagtanggal ng braces o brackets sa pasyente ay tinatawag na “debonding.” Of course, maniningil ang dentistang mag-aalis ng brackets/ braces mo ng debonding fee. Ang halaga ng debonding fee ay dipende sa dentista na gagawa.

——

Source:

ADVICE FOR THE TRANSFERRING ORTHODONTIC PATIENT by the American Association of Orthodontists

No, hindi chicklet ang ipangpapasta sa iyo pag ganito lang kamura ang ibabayad mo. Kung ano ang pinangpapasta na “silver” sa mga dental clinic ay yun din ang gagamitin sa iyo. Magpalinis ng ipin ba kamo? Basta’t may trenta pesos ka (PHP 30), pwedeng pwede na!

Hindi joke o prank sa Wow Mali ito. Maaring ganito lang ang ibayad mo sa mga dental schools para gamutin ka ng mga estudyante nila na nag-aaral ng dentistry. Teka, bago ka mapangiwi e sisiguraduhin ko naman na merong lisensyado at well-trained na dentista na titingin sa mga estudyanteng gagawa sa mga pasyente. Ito ay para masigurado na tama gagawin nila at hindi mapapahamak ang pasyente nila.

Ano ba ang dapat gawin para makapagpadentista ng mura sa mga dental school?

1. Magpunta sa dental school na malapit sa inyo. Importante na malapit o convenient sa inyo ang pagpunta sa mapipiling dental school. Mamaya ko ipaliliwanag kung bakit. Mas mainam kung maaga magpunta para mas malaki ang tsansa na ma-accomodate at hindi maghintay ng matagal.

2. Hanapin kung saan ang section kung saan ang klinika ng dental school. Maaring magtanong sa guard at sabihin na “walk-in patient” kayo.

3. Magpatala bilang pasyente. Kanya-kanya ng proseso ang mga eskuwelahan kung paano sila tumatanggap ng walk-in patients.

Halimbawa, sa Our Lady of Fatima University sa Valenzuela, mayroong estudyante na naatasan para tumanggap at magrefer ng mga pasyente sa ibang estudyante. Tinatawag nila itong “Officer In Duty” o OD. Kapag may pasyenteng dumating, ang OD ang bahala na mag-assign sa kanya sa isang clinician (dental student na gumagamot na ng pasyente sa klinika ng paaralan).

Kung lahat ng clinician ay may mga pasyente na para sa araw na iyon, maari kayong magpatala sa kanilang logbook. Ilalagay mo doon ang iyong pangalan, address at telepono kung saan pwede kang ma-contact ng clinician na maaring gumawa sa iyo.

4. Kapag may available na clinician, may mga forms na kailangan mong sagutan. Kadalasan, hinihingi ang iyong contact details, mga gamot na iniinom, allergies, karamdaman (kung meron man), huling pagpunta sa dentista, etc. Dapat ay maging tapat sa pagsagot sa mga tanong na ito dahil lahat ng iyon ay importante sa iyong gamutan.

5. Kapag natapos na ang form ay sisimulan na ang oral examination. Huwag mag-alala, hindi ka patatayuin para i-recite ang Panatang Makabayan o ang buong multiplication table. Ang ibig sabihin ng oral examination ay titingnan ng clinician ang loob ng iyong bibig para maitala ang mga ngipin na OK pa, may sira at mga ngipin na natanggal na sa iyong dental chart. Pagkatapos ay isang mas mabilis na oral examination uli pero Professor o Clinical Instructor (CI) na titingin sa iyo. Ito ay para masigurado na tama ang mga pinagsusulat ng clinician mo sa dental chart.

6. Pag tama naman ang nakita ng CI, magrerekumenda na sa iyo ang clinician ng mga dapat gawin sa ngipin mo –kung linis, pasta, bunot o pustiso.

7. Pag OK na lahat ay maari nang simulan ang gamutan ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod sa iyong dental chart. Pero wag, masyadong ma-excite. Hindi lahat ng kailangang gawin sa iyo ay magagawa sa araw ding iyon. At dahil sa eskuwelahan gagawin ang gamutan, mas matagal ang proseso kesa sa paggawa sa isang pampribadong klinika dahil kailangang i-check pa ang natapos na gamutan ng CI.

Ang pagpapagamot sa mga dental school ay nangangailangan ng pasesnya at madaming bakateng oras sa parte ng pasyente. Gaya ng sabi ko, mas mahaba ang proseso ng gamutan at maari kang pabalikin ng ilang beses, depende sa prosesong ginawa sa iyo. Halimbawa, ang linis ng ngipin sa isang pampribadong dental clinic ay nagtatagal lamang ng 30 minutos. Sa dental school, siguro mga 1 hanggang 2 oras, kasama na ang pagfill-up ng mga forms, oral exam at ang aktuwal na paglilinis ng ngipin. Kailangang ka ring bumalik kung sakaling sobrang dami ng tartar na kailangang tanggalin o sobrang maga ng iyong gilagid.

Kaya nga importante malapit at madali sa iyo ang pagpunta sa dental school kung saan mo gustong magpagamot para mas madali sa iyo na bumalik kung kinakailangan.

Pero mahaba man ang proseso ng gamutan ay sobrang mura naman ang presyo ng mga serbisyo sa dental school. Ang linis sa pampribadong dental clinic ay nasa PHP 400 pataas, pero sa dental school ay PHP 30 o minsan ay libre pa! Higit sa lahat, sigurado ka na pulido ang pagkakagawa sa iyo ng clinician, kung hindi ay siguradong lagpak siya!

Ang mga listahan ang mga ilang dental school sa Maynila na tumatanggap ng pasyente ay ang mga sumusunod:

1. CEU School of Dentistry – Dent-Sci Bldg. Mendiola St. Manila (Tel. No. 735-6861 to 71 loc. 214)

Maaring sumakay ng LRT 3 at bumaba sa Legarda Station. Madami ring jeep at bus (biyaheng Cainta-Quiapo tulad ng               RRCG at G-Liner) na dumadaan dito.

2. UE College of Dentistry – Gastambide St. Manila (Tel. No. 735-85-38)

Pwede ring sumakay ng LRT 3 at bumaba sa Legarda Station. Pwede nang lakarin mula dito ang UE College of Dentistry sa Gastambide St. Gaya ng CEU, madami ding jeep at bus na dumadaan dito.

3. Our Lady of Fatima University – McArthur Highway, Valenzuela (Tel. No. 293-27-03 to 06

Pwedeng mag LRT 1 at bumaba sa Monumento Station. Sumakay ng jeep pa-Valenzuela at magpababa sa “Fatima University”

4. MCU – PGT Bldg. MCU EDSA Caloocan (Tel. No. 364-1071 Local 156)

Pwedeng sumakay ng LRT 1 at bumaba sa Monumento Station. Maaring lakarin na ang MCU o sumakay ng jeep pa-Cubao pero maging alisto at baka lumpas ka kasi ilang tumbling lang ay nasa MCU ka na.

5. UP Dentistry – Pedro Gil corner Taft Ave. Manila (Tel. No. 302-3983)

Maaring mag LRT 1 at bumaba sa Pedro Gil Station. Makikita na ang kolehiyo mula sa istasyon ng LRT. Kahilera ito ng PGH. Maari ring sumakay ng jeep, bus o FX na biyaheng Taft Ave. o PGH.

May mga ospital din na tumatanggap ng mga pasyente para sa libre o mas murang gamutan. Ang ilan dito ay:

1. PGH Department of Hospital Dentistry – PGH OPD Rm. 230 (Tel. No. 5548400 Local 5220/5230)

Ang PGH Dept. of Hospital Dentistry ay tumatanggap ng mga pasyente para sa bunot, at mga kaso na nangangailangan ng dental surgery tulad ng pagtanggal in impacted na wisdom tooth. Ang pagpunta dito ay katulad lang ng sa UP Dentistry.

2. Ospital ng Maynila – Quirino Ave. Manila (Tel. No. 524 6063)

May nakapagsabi na libre daw ang magpabunot o magpatanggal ng wisdom tooth dito pero kailangan mong magbigay ng “donation.” Kung mgakano man ang donation ay hindi ko alam pero malamang ay hindi naman kasing taas ng pagpapatanggal ng wisdom tooth sa pribadong klinika.

Maaring sumakay ng LRT 1 at bumaba sa Quirino Station tapos ay lumakad o sumakay ng pedicab pa-Roxas Blvd. Pwede ring sumakay ng jeep biyaheng Harrison Plaza via Mabini. Malapit lang ito sa Manila Zoo.

Para sa mga gusto naman makamura sa pagpapa-braces, maaring pumunta sa:

UP College of Dentistry Graduate School (Orthodontics) – Padre Faura, Manila (Tel. No. 526-2296 TO 97)

Halos katapat lang ito ng Robinson’s Place Manila Faura Wing. Maaring sumakay ng jeep, FX o bus na byaheng Taft, PGH. Bumaba sa Padre Faura at maaring lakarin na ito. O mula Taft ay sumakay uli ng jeep byaheng Sta Ana/ Pedro Gil. Bumaba pagkatapos ng DOJ. Katabi nito ang Graduate School for Orthodontics.

Ang mga gagawa sa iyo ay mga lisensyadong dentista na nagsasanay para maging espesiyalista sa orthodontics. May bayad ang pagpapagamot dito pero di hamak na mas mura kesa magpabraces sa pribadong dental clinic.

Ngayon, ang tanong pa rin e anong pinaka-OK na piliin na kolehiyo o unibersidad?

Kung desidido ka na Dentistry ang gusto mong kunin sa college, mas maganda kung magpasa ka ng applications sa at least 3 sa mga iskuwelahan na tinukoy ko. Kung sa Maynila ka na talaga nakatira, dapat ikunsidera ang layo o lokasyon mo sa kolehiyong pipiliin mo.

Tingnan mo rin ang performance ng mga nasabing iskuwelahan at ang passing rate nila sa dental board exams. Kadalasan makikita ang passing rate kasabay ng anunsiyo ng PRC sa mga nakapasa sa dental board exam.

Nung nakaraang resulta ng  dental board exams nung December 2009, naglabas ang PRC ng listahan ng Performance of Schools para makita kung ilang porsyento ng mga estudyanteng kumuha ng exam mula sa isang kolehiyo ang nakapasa. Ang mga board takers ay na-classify into First Timers (o unang beses na kumuha ng boards) at Repeaters.

Base dito, ang performance ng mga eskuwelahang nabanggit ko ay:

Para sa akin, mas magandang basehan ang overall passing rate kesa sa kung saang galing na eskuwelahan ang mga topnotcher sa board exam. Kung ang isang eskuwelahan ay nagproduced ng estudyanteng nag Top 1 sa boards pero karamihan naman ng mga estudyanteng kasabay nyang kumuha galing sa eskuwelahan ding iyon ay lagpak, balewala rin.

Magandang magkaroon ng at least 3 choices ng eskuwelahang papasukan. After all, hindi lang ikaw ang mamimili kundi ang mga iskuwelahan na mga ito ay may criteria for judging din hehe.

Ano nga ba ang pwede kong i-payo sa mga balak mag-aral ng dentista bukod sa mag-isip ng isang milyong beses? Hehe. Para sa inyong kaalaman, hindi lang utak kundi sangkatutak na tiyaga at pasensya ang kailangan para matapos mo ang kursong Dentistry.

Bukod sa pag-susunog ng kilay e kailangan mo ng tiyaga para mag-practice magprepare ng pasta, linisin ang kasulok-sulokan ng ngipin at maghintay sa mga pasyente mong madalas mang-Indyan. Kung ako ang tatanungin, mas madali pa ang mag-Medicine kesa mag-Dentistry. Alam ko na magkakaroon ng violent reactions mula sa mga doktor ng medisina pero bago niyo ako kuyugin e i-try nyo muna maging dental student muna. Sa pag-aaral ng Dentistry, hindi lang sa’yo nakasalalay ang pagpasa o pagbagsak mo kundi sa mga pasyente mo lalo na sa Clinical years ng kurso na ito.

Bukod pa dun, kahit matalino ka e hindi sure shot na papasa ka kahit talunin mo pa IQ ni Einstein. Dapat magaling din ang iyong mga kamay para pumasa ka sa mga practical subjects. Kaya nga ang ibang mga dental schools ay nagbibigay ng dexterity exams para masukat ang kontrol at galing ng iyong kamay na kailangan para sa pagsasanay maging dentista. Kung matindi ang pasma mo sa kamay, mukhang kailangan mong mag-isip ng ibang karerang papasukan.

Bukod pa sa hirap ng utak at kamay, hirap din ang bulsa ni nanay at tatay dahil sa mahal ng tuition at mga gamit na kailangan sa pag-aaral. Pero worth naman ang pagbili ng mga gamit na ito kung itutuloy mo ang pagdedentista dahil tiyak na magagamit mo pa rin ang mga ito kahit nasa private practice ka na.

Kung desidido ka na talagang mag-aral maging dentista, kailangan mo nang mag-”school hunting.”

Maraming nagtatanong kung ano ang pinaka-magaling na dental school sa Pilipinas. Hmm…mahirap atang sagutin ‘yan nang hindi nagiging biased sa kolehiyong pinanggalingan ko.

Bago tayo mapunta sa paksang iyan ay alamin muna natin ang iba’t ibang paaralan na may kursong Dentistry. Eto ay ang mga sumusunod:

METRO MANILA

Centro Escolar University – School of Dentistry

2nd Floor Dent-Sci Bldg.
Centro Escolar University
9 Mendiola Street,
San Miguel, Manila

Tel. No. 734-2073; 735-6861 to 71 loc. 214

Ang CEU ay kilala sa kursong Dentistry. Kung dito ka mag-aaral, maraming mga dental store at dental laboratory na malapit dito kaya kahit papaano e magiging convenient sa iyo na makahanap ng mga gagamitin mo sa pag-aaral.

Mga Requirements:

1. 5 1½” x 1½” ID pictures

2. Original Form 138 o HS report card

3. Good moral character mula sa HS principal

4. NSO copy of birth certificate (original and photocopy)

5. Certificate of Eligibility (kapag nakapasa na sa entrance exam)

*Kailangang mag-apply para sa entrance exam sa Counseling and Testing Department or CTD (3F Sofia De Veyra Hall). Doon ay bibigyan ka ng application form. Sagutin it at isubmit kasama ng iyong poging-pogi at cute na cute na ID pictures. Bibigyan ka ng schedule ng examination at room assignment. Bayaran ang fee para sa eksaminasyon at bumalik sa takdang araw ng entrance exam.

University of the East – College of Dentistry

2219 C.M. Recto Avenue, Manila 1008, Philippines
Phone: (02) 735 5471 loc. 327 and 328

Tulad ng CEU, sikat din ang UE sa kursong Dentistry. At tulad ng CEU ulit, madaming dental stores at dental laboratory sa paligid ng UE campus. Madami ding mga dorm at madali itong puntahan sakay ng mga pampublikong sasakyan tulad ng LRT 2.

Ang mga requirements sa pag-aapply sa UE ay nasa kanilang website.

May mga nagsasabi na mas-OK daw ang UE kesa sa CEU. Hmmm…no comment ako diyan.

Our Lady of Fatima University

120 McArthur Highway,
Valenzuela City, Philippines
Phone: (02) 293 2703-06; 2931636 loc. 130
Fax: (02) 291 6504

Kumpara sa dalawang naunang institusyon na nabanggit, matatawag na newbie ang Fatima sa larangan ng Dentisty. Pero ‘wag ismolin dahil sa mga unang taong ng dental program nila ay 100% passing sila sa Dental Board Exam. May ilang beses pa na sa kanila nanggaling ang topnotcher.

Medyo malayo nga lang sa sentro ng Maynila ang campus nila. Pero kung nakatira ka sa bandang norte tulad ng Valenzuela e swak sa iyo ang lokasyon nito.

Ang mga requirements para sa admissions nila ay makikita dito: Fatima University Admissions

Emilio Aguinaldo College

1113-1117 San Marcelino St., cor. Gonzales St.
1000 Ermita, Manila, Philippines

Tel. No. 521-2710 local 5371/5321

Naitatag EAC-School of Dentistry noon lamang 1992 kaya’t masasabing bagito rin ito sa larangan ng Dentistry.

Nitong mga nakaraang taon, nai-tsismis sa akin na madami-dami daw ang mga foreign students dito, pawang mga Koreano na gusto ditong mag-aral ng Dentistry.

Medyo may kaliitan ang kolehiyo na ito kaya’t kung nangangarap ka ng sprawling greens na mala-Harvard e sorry ka na lang. Karamihan din ng mga nagtuturo dito ay nagtapos sa UP at UE.

Ang requirements for admission ay makikita dito: EAC Admissions

University of the Philippines – Manila

Pedro Gil Cor.Taft Avenue, Ermita Manila

Tel. No. 302-6360; 302-3983

1915 pa lang ay nag-ooffer na ng kursong Dentistry ang UP. Eto lamang ang pampublikong paaralan sa Pilipinas na may kursong ito. At dahil pampubliko, mas mura ang tuition at subsidized ng gobyerno ang ilan sa mga gagamitin ng mga estudyante dito.

Sinasabing ang UP ang “best dental school” sa Pilipinas dahil pawang mga matatalino lamang daw ang nakakalusot sa entrance exam ng unibersidad na kung tawagin ay UPCAT. Hmmm, ayokong i-confirm at ayoko rin namang i-deny.

Ang admission requirements ng UP College of Dentistry ay makikita dito: UPCD Admissions

Ang iba pang dental schools sa Maynila ay ang mga sumusunod:

Manila Central University

Ground Floor, Purificacion G. Tanchoco (PGT) Building
Telephone Number: 364-1071 Local 156

Admission Requirements: http://www.mcu.edu.ph/main2.htm

University of Perpetual Help System Dalta

Alabang Zapote Rd., Pamplona 3, Las Piñas City

Tel. No. 871-0639 local 170 to 125

Admission Requirements: http://www.perpetualdalta.edu.ph/index.php/for-freshmen

National University

551 M. F. Jhocson Street Sampaloc, Manila

Tel. No. 741-6761

Admission Requirements: http://www.national-u.edu.ph/nu/admission.php?page=requirement